Lead Smelting and Refining, With Some Notes on Lead Mining
Science
Lead Smelting and Refining, With Some Notes on Lead Mining
Lead -- Metallurgy; Lead mines and mining
The new works are built on level ground; there has been no attempt to
seek or utilize a sloping or a terraced surface, save immediately in
front of the blast furnaces, where there is a drop of several feet
from the furnace-house floor to the slag-yard level, affording room
for the large matte settling-boxes to stand under the slag spouts.
A lower terrace beyond the slag yard furnishes convenient dumping
ground. Otherwise the elevations required in the works are secured by
mechanical lifts, the ore, fluxes and coal being brought in almost
entirely by means of inclines and trestles.
The plant consists essentially of two parts, the roasting department
and the smelting department. The former comprises a crushing mill
and two furnace-houses, one equipped with Brückner furnaces and the
other with hand-raked reverberatories. The reverberatories are of
the standard design, but are noteworthy for the excellence of their
construction. Similar praise may be, indeed, extended to almost all
the other parts of the works, in which obviously no expense has been
spared on false grounds of economy. The roasting furnaces stand in a
long steel house; they are set at right angles to the longer axis of
the building, in the usual manner. At their feed end they communicate
with a large dust-settling flue, which leads to the main chimney of
the works. The ore is brought in on a tramway over the furnaces and is
charged into the furnaces through hoppers. The furnaces have roasting
hearths only. The fire-boxes are arranged with step-grates and closed
ash-pits, being fed through hoppers at the end of the furnace. The
coal is dumped close at hand from the railway cars, which are switched
in on a trestle parallel with the side of the building, which side is
not closed in. This, together with a large opening in the roof for
the whole length of the building, affords good light and ventilation.
The floor of the house is concrete. The roasted ore is dropped into
cars, which run on a sunken tramway passing under the furnaces. At the
end of this tramway there is an incline up which the cars are drawn
and afterward dumped into brick bins. From the latter it is spouted
into standard-gage railway cars, by which it is taken to the smelting
department. The roasted ore from the Brückner furnaces is handled in a
similar manner. The delivery of the coal and ore to the Brückners and
the general installation of the latter are analogous to the methods
employed in connection with the reverberatories.
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