Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic HistoryClayton, Joseph
History
Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic History
Clayton, Joseph
Democracy; Great Britain -- History
Eliot was less afflicted than his colleagues by the theological
Protestantism of the age.[106] First and last he was the
straightforward country gentleman, with exalted views on the sacred
responsibility of civil government, and a high standard of personal
honour. For Eliot there was no nobler sphere of work for an Englishman
than the House of Commons, and his example has not been without
followers. Seneca and Cicero are on his lips, as the later Puritans
had the Bible on theirs, and his eloquence marks the beginning of
parliamentary oratory. With a strong and clear view of constitutional
government, Eliot was no republican; he held to the notion that the
king must depend on the decisions of parliament. Time was to show that
this notion, in the event of a collision between king and parliament,
was to make parliament the predominant partner.
On his first entry into the House of Commons as member for St. Germans,
in 1614, Eliot was the friend of Buckingham--whom he had met as a youth
abroad--and on Buckingham’s rise to the lord high admiralship Eliot was
knighted and became vice-admiral of Devon.
The fidelity of his service to the State as vice-admiral brought an
unpleasant experience of the will of princes. Grappling with the
scourge of piracy which afflicted the seaports and shipping trade
of the West of England, Eliot accomplished the arrest of Nutt, a
notorious sea-robber. But Nutt had friends in high places, and Eliot
found himself lodged in the Marshalsea prison over the business. He was
released on Buckingham’s return from the continent, for the charges
were absurd, and in 1624 returned to the House of Commons as member for
Newport. Two years later Eliot was estranged from Buckingham--convinced
that the favourite of the king was an evil counsellor--and had become
the recognized leader of the House of Commons. Once assured in his
mind that Buckingham was responsible for the policy of the king,
Eliot became his implacable opponent. For the policy of the crown in
not making war upon Spain, in relaxing the penal laws against Roman
Catholics, and for the mismanagement of the war on the continent in
support of the Protestants, Eliot held Buckingham responsible. In
answer to the demand of Charles for money in 1626, Eliot insisted
that an inquiry into past disasters should precede supply, and that
Buckingham should be impeached. Not the king but his minister is to
blame, Eliot maintained, for all that was wrong in the State, and
this very speech strikes the note of the campaign that was beginning.
Buckingham was not responsible to Charles alone, in the eyes of Eliot
and his friends, but also to parliament.[107]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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