Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic HistoryClayton, Joseph
History
Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic History
Clayton, Joseph
Democracy; Great Britain -- History
The good cause for which Simon had fought might well have seemed lost,
when Edward’s knights were hacking the dead body of the great earl to
pieces at Evesham. But it was not exactly a “Royalist victory,” for the
very men who stood victors over the mangled corpse of Earl Simon were
men as resolute as he was to enforce the Great Charter and its results
against the king.[58]
In the hour of triumph Henry struck hard, and a mad reaction of terror
ensued. But the movement Simon had led could not be turned back, and
the very savage extravagance of the royalist party defeated its own
ends. A general sentence of disinheritance against all who had fought
with Simon drove the disinherited barons to keep up the fight. The
siege of Kenilworth, where Sir Henry of Hastings defied the whole
royal army, lasted from June to December, 1266, and was only ended by
Parliament insisting on the king appointing a board of twelve, who made
a just award concerning the disinherited. By this award, called the Ban
of Kenilworth:--
The royal obligation to keep the charters was required.
The acts of Simon were annulled, and the full prerogatives of the crown
declared.
The freedom of the Church was demanded.
Justice was to be done according to the laws and customs of the realm.
The adherents of Simon were to be punished by fine and not by
disinheritance, so that the king could repay those who had served him
faithfully without giving occasion for fresh war.
Simon was not to be proclaimed a saint (seeing he died under the
excommunication of the Church), and those who spread idle tales of
miracles done at his tomb were to be punished.
A complete indemnity was promised to all who accepted the ban within
forty days.
For a time the ban was rejected, and it was not till the summer of 1267
that the struggle was finally over. Peace was assured by the Parliament
of Marlborough in November, 1267, which re-enacted the Provisions of
Westminster (1259) as a statute.
The lasting value of Simon’s work was seen in 1295, when Edward I.
summoned his great representative parliament on the professed principle
that “that which touches all shall be approved by all.” This assembly,
by that very principle, served as “a pattern for all future assemblies
of the nation.” (Stubbs.)
Had Simon of Montfort received canonization by the Church he would
surely have been the patron saint of all workers in the world of
politics, and of all who honestly and courageously engage in public
work.
Wat Tyler and the Peasant Revolt
1381
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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