Lectures on the English Poets; Delivered at the Surrey InstitutionHazlitt, William
History
Lectures on the English Poets; Delivered at the Surrey Institution
Hazlitt, William
English poetry -- History and criticism
Mr. Wordsworth is at the head of that which has been denominated the
Lake school of poetry; a school which, with all my respect for it, I do
not think sacred from criticism or exempt from faults, of some of which
faults I shall speak with becoming frankness; for I do not see that the
liberty of the press ought to be shackled, or freedom of speech
curtailed, to screen either its revolutionary or renegado extravagances.
This school of poetry had its origin in the French revolution, or rather
in those sentiments and opinions which produced that revolution; and
which sentiments and opinions were indirectly imported into this country
in translations from the German about that period. Our poetical
literature had, towards the close of the last century, degenerated into
the most trite, insipid, and mechanical of all things, in the hands of
the followers of Pope and the old French school of poetry. It wanted
something to stir it up, and it found that some thing in the principles
and events of the French revolution. From the impulse it thus received,
it rose at once from the most servile imitation and tamest common-place,
to the utmost pitch of singularity and paradox. The change in the
belles-lettres was as complete, and to many persons as startling, as the
change in politics, with which it went hand in hand. There was a mighty
ferment in the heads of statesmen and poets, kings and people. According
to the prevailing notions, all was to be natural and new. Nothing that
was established was to be tolerated. All the common-place figures of
poetry, tropes, allegories, personifications, with the whole heathen
mythology, were instantly discarded; a classical allusion was considered
as a piece of antiquated foppery; capital letters were no more allowed
in print, than letters-patent of nobility were permitted in real life;
kings and queens were dethroned from their rank and station in
legitimate tragedy or epic poetry, as they were decapitated elsewhere;
rhyme was looked upon as a relic of the feudal system, and regular metre
was abolished along with regular government. Authority and fashion,
elegance or arrangement, were hooted out of countenance, as pedantry and
prejudice. Every one did that which was good in his own eyes. The object
was to reduce all things to an absolute level; and a singularly affected
and outrageous simplicity prevailed in dress and manners, in style and
sentiment. A striking effect produced where it was least expected,
something new and original, no matter whether good, bad, or indifferent,
whether mean or lofty, extravagant or childish, was all that was aimed
at, or considered as compatible with sound philosophy and an age of
reason. The licentiousness grew extreme: Coryate's Crudities were
nothing to it. The world was to be turned topsy-turvy; and poetry, by
the good will of our Adam-wits, was to share its fate and begin _de
novo_. It was a time of promise, a renewal of the world and of letters;
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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