Lectures on the Principles of Political Obligation: Reprinted from Green's Philosophical Works, vol. II., with Preface by Bernard BosanquetGreen, Thomas Hill
Philosophy
Lectures on the Principles of Political Obligation: Reprinted from Green's Philosophical Works, vol. II., with Preface by Bernard Bosanquet
Green, Thomas Hill
Liberty; Natural law; Political obligation
'limits of the sovereign power' he maintains that there can be no
conflict between it and the natural right of the individual, because,
'although it is only that part of his power, his goods, his freedom,
of which the use is important to the community, that the individual
transfers to the sovereign by the social pact, yet the sovereign
alone can be judge of the importance'; and the sovereign 'cannot
lay on the subjects any constraint which is not for the good of the
community.' 'Under the law of reason' (which is thus identified with
the general will) 'nothing is done without a cause, any more than
under the law of nature.' (II, iv.)
74. But though even an unenlightened general will is the general
will still, and (as we are left to infer) cannot in its decisions
do otherwise than promote the public good, Rousseau distinctly
contemplates the possibility of the general will being so overpowered
by particular interests that it finds no expression in the votes of
a popular assembly, though the assembly be really one of a whole
people, and the vote of the majority is duly taken. (IV, i.) In such
cases it is not that the general will is 'annihilated or corrupted;
it is always constant, unalterable, and pure.' Even in the individual
whose vote is governed by his private interest the general will
is not extinct, nor is he unaware either of what the public good
requires or of the fact that what is for the public good is also for
his own. But his share in the public evil to which he knows that
his vote will contribute, seems nothing by the side of the special
private good which he hopes to gain. By his vote, in short, he does
not answer the question, Is so and so for the advantage of the state?
but, Is it for the advantage of this particular man or party? (Ib.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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