Legal antiquities : $b A collection of essays upon ancient laws and customsWhite, Edward J. (Edward Joseph)
History
Legal antiquities : $b A collection of essays upon ancient laws and customs
White, Edward J. (Edward Joseph)
Criminal law -- History; Law -- History; Law, Ancient; Punishment -- History
An Egyptian will, dating back to patriarchial times, was recently
unearthed at Kahun, by the English Egyptologist, William Petrie.[9] By
this document, written 2548 B. C. one Sekrehen, a citizen of the time of
Amenemhat IV., settles upon his wife, Teta, all the property given him
by his brother, for life, with a condition against the commission of
waste, and one Siou, a lieutenant, is appointed guardian for the infant
children. Two scribes attest the execution of this will in solemn form
and thus we have the indisputable evidence, by this document executed
forty-six hundred years ago, that the statement of modern historians that
wills are of Roman origin and were invented by the clergy of mediaeval
times,[10] is in error.
The written will of the Assyrian monarch, Sennacherib, assassinated in
the year 681, B. C., is preserved in the royal library of Kenyunjik[11]
and in the form customarily used in that period, he bequeathed to his
son, Esarhadden, his bracelets, coronets and other gifts of gold, ivory
and precious stones, deposited, for safekeeping, “in the temple of Nebo.”
The will of the philosopher, Plato, 348 B. C., who left “no debts,” but
devised his farms, with a provision against alienation,[12] to his son,
Adimantes, together with his vase, gold, cash, slaves, “also all my
chattels, as specified in an inventory, held and possessed by Demetrius,”
is a model of brevity and concise legal form, such as the experienced
lawyer of today would have prepared for his client.
The will of the great Aristotle, who, at sixty-eight entered upon his
final long sleep of death, in the year 322 B. C., after appointing
Antipater his executor, with other named friends to assist him in
the management and care of his estate, proceeds to dispose of his
acquisitions, in a most reasonable business-like manner, from the
provision for his daughter, in case of her marriage, including the
disposition of his various slaves, the finishing of his statues and the
depositing of the bones of his wife, Pythias, in his tomb, “even as she
desired,” to the final arrangements for the offering of the four stone
animals, for the preservation of Nicanor, to Jupiter and Minerva, is just
such a sane, sensible testamentary provision as one would expect from
such an astute philosopher.[13]
Virgil died ten years before Christ and his will left his manuscript of
the Aeneid to his friends and executors, Tucca and Varus, and divided his
property between his half-brother, Proculus and Valerius, after leaving a
fourth to Augustus, a twelfth to Macaenas and the rest to Varus.[14]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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