The conditions existing before the Barons exacted from King John the various guaranties of the Great Charter are known to all readers of English History. The reasons why they stipulated that “Right shall not be sold, delayed or denied”; that the king should only appoint “justiciaries, sheriffs and bailiffs, of such as know the law of the land and are disposed duly to observe it” is emphasized by a consideration of the many highhanded proceedings that the people of that long suffering country had been subjected to before this Great Charter of liberty was exacted from King John. (I. Reeve’s History English Law, 471, 472.) [41] I. Pollock and Maitland’s History English Law, p. 204. [42] _Ante idem._ p. 204. [43] _Ante idem._ [44] Cnut, ii, 15, sec. 2; Edgar 1, 3; Brunner, D. R. G. ii, 356, 365; II. Pollock and Maitland’s History English Law, 666. [45] II. Pollock and Maitland’s History English Law, 667. [46] Note Book, Pl. 1412; Glanvill, viii, 9; Edgar, iii, 3; Cnut, ii, 15; Leg. Will. I., 39, sec. 1, II. Pollock and Maitland’s History English Law, p. 667. [47] Note Book, Pl. 67; Note Book, Pl. 1166; II. Pollock and Maitland’s History English Law, p. 668. [48] II. Pollock and Maitland’s History English Law, p. 672; Bracton, f. 186. [49] Verplanck. [50] I. George III., c. 23. It has long been axiomatic, in England, that the Crown even, cannot interfere with the disinterested performance of its powers, by the judiciary. 2 Hawk. P. C. 2. [51] Yates vs. Lansing (N. Y.), 5 Johns xx. 282; Hamilton vs. Williams, 26 Ala. 527. [52] State vs. Graves, 8 Mo. 148; 40 Am. Dec. 131; Stone vs. Augusta, 46 Me. 127; Revill vs. Pettit, 60 Ky. 314; Reed vs. Conway, 20 Mo. 22; Gault vs. Wallace, 53 Ga. 675; Cope vs. Rainey, 49 Tenn. (2 Heisk.) 197. [53] U. S. Con. Art. III., sec. 1. [54] See Paper “The Judiciary and Public Sentiment,” read before Mo. Bar. Assn. at St. Joseph, Mo., September, 1906, Proc. 24’ Annual Meeting of Association. [55] See interesting article on “Recall of Judges,” by Albert Fink, in North American Review, vol. 193, p. 680. The Massachusetts Bill of Rights, adopted in 1780 declares: “It is the right of every citizen to be tried by judges as free, impartial and independent as the lot of humanity will admit.” Would that more of the States had followed this lead of the Great Commonwealth of Massachusetts. [56] Upon this subject, Dr. Fiske observed: “It was Georgia that, in 1812, set the bad example of electing judges for short terms by the people, a practice which is responsible for much of the degradation that courts have suffered in many of our states and which will have to be abandoned before a proper administration of justice can ever be secured.” [57] Thorpe’s American Charters, Constitutions and Organic Laws.