Leisure hours among the gemsHamlin, Augustus C. (Augustus Choate)
Science
Leisure hours among the gems
Hamlin, Augustus C. (Augustus Choate)
Gems; Precious stones
In examining the interior of an opal, we often fail to perceive any
cause for the reflections of color, especially in the limpid varieties.
The flashes appear when the light enters the stone at a certain angle,
but when viewed in any other direction the gem presents the usual
appearance of common transparent quartz. In other varieties of the
mineral, however, especially the milky or translucent, a cause for
the colored reflections is easily observed. We have under observation
the beautiful opal known as the “Oberon,” and beneath its translucent
surface appear thin films of a faint reddish hue suspended at different
depths within its interior. They are so well defined that their edges
may be recognized, and they lie like thin clouds suspended in a hazy
sky. But as the gem is turned so that the light strikes the film at a
different angle, the scene is instantly changed, and a mass of flame
replaces the sombre tint. It is a little curious that some of the films
exhibit the different colors of the spectrum as the angle of light is
changed, while others display only the green and blue color, no matter
how the light strikes them. In fact, the films or patches, which are
apparently alike, produce different results from the same rays of
light; and some display the continuous spectrum, while others exhibit
but one color. It is a little singular that all transparent minerals
when fractured do not exhibit alike in their fractures the prismatic
gleams displayed by quartz and glass. We have before us a beautiful
transparent white crystal of adularia or moon-stone from St. Gothard,
and although it is fissured and fractured in a thousand places, yet we
observe little iridescence in it even when exposed to the sunlight.
The localities where the precious opal is now found are but few, and
none of them were probably known to the ancients. All record of the
old opal mines is now lost; but there were undoubtedly deposits of the
mineral in Arabia, Syria, and in Asia, whence the ancients derived
their gems. The famous Hungarian mines were not discovered until late
in the fifteenth century, and the country was quite unknown to the
Romans.
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