Leisure hours among the gemsHamlin, Augustus C. (Augustus Choate)
Science
Leisure hours among the gems
Hamlin, Augustus C. (Augustus Choate)
Gems; Precious stones
As we have said before, some other minerals exhibit this phenomenon
at times. We find it in rare specimens of quartz and in some of the
mica group. In some rare fragments of quartz from Siberia the stellate
appearance is seen in extraordinary perfection. The six-rayed star is
not only seen by refracted light, but is even visible by transmitted
light. Sometimes these stones also exhibit reflections of red and blue
as the direction of the stone is changed, thus combining the girasole
and asteria in the same gem. Lancon relates that M. Desmaret possessed
a little plate of this variety of quartz, of so great beauty and
perfection as to refuse 25,000 francs for it. There is in the Museum
of the Jardin des Plantes a remarkable diamond asteria; and there are
also in this collection and in the cabinet of the École des Mines some
superb blue and red sapphire asterias.
The pure white sapphires are not often found. When well cut they
exhibit a vivid eclat, and are sometimes mistaken for diamonds; but
they are easily detected by the expert, since they do not possess
even three fourths of the degree of brilliancy of the diamond, nor
the prismatic play of color. Some of the faint-colored stones lose
their tints when subjected to a high degree of heat, and improve in
brilliancy and lustre. It is said that the Orientals practise this
trick extensively, and sell the altered gems for diamonds. We are not
aware of the refractive index of these fire-tested stones having been
measured with the view of ascertaining the degree of change; but it
is certain that their lustre is increased in a marked degree. Heat,
however, does not affect all colored sapphires. Some of the red are
often changed to deeper hues, and others are not affected. Brogniart
found that the French sapphires from Expailly were actually rendered
more intense in color by the action of fire. After numerous experiments
with the faint-colored sapphires from Montana, we also have come to
the conclusion that the stones from this locality are not perceptibly
affected by long-continued heat.
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