Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern — Volume 02
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Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern — Volume 02
Literature -- Collections
The materials gathered from Philosophy, Tradition, and Scripture were
the fruit of analysis; the final synthesis had yet to be accomplished.
This was the scope of the 'Summa Theologica,' a work which, though it
was not completed, is the greatest production of Thomas Aquinas. In the
prologue he says:--
"Since the teacher of Catholic truth should instruct not only
those who are advanced, but also those who are beginning, it
is our purpose in this work to treat subjects pertaining to
the Christian religion in a manner adapted to the instruction
of beginners. For we have considered that young students
encounter various obstacles in the writings of different
authors: partly because of the multiplication of useless
questions, articles, and arguments; partly because the
essentials of knowledge are dealt with, not in scientific
order, but according as the explanation of books required or
an occasion for disputing offered; partly because the
frequent repetition of the same things begets weariness and
confusion in the hearer's mind. Endeavoring, therefore, to
avoid these defects and others of a like nature, we shall
try, with confidence in the Divine assistance, to treat of
sacred science briefly and clearly, so far as the
subject-matter will allow."
The work intended for novices in theology, and so unpretentiously
opened, is then portioned out in these words:--
"Whereas, the chief aim of this science is to impart a
knowledge of God, not only as existing in Himself, but also
as the origin and end of all things, and especially of
rational creatures, we therefore shall treat first of God;
second, of the rational creature's tendency toward God;
third, of Christ, who as man is the way whereby we approach
unto God. Concerning God, we shall consider (1) those things
which pertain to the Divine Essence; (2) those which regard
the distinction of persons; (3) those which concern the
origin of creatures from Him. As to the Divine Essence we
shall inquire (1) whether God exists; (2) what is, or rather
what is not, the manner of His existence; (3) how He acts
through His knowledge, will, and power. Under the first
heading we shall ask whether God's existence is self-evident,
whether it can be demonstrated, and whether God does exist."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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