_The Solidarity of the Anatomical Elements._—The cause of the mortal
process—_i.e._, of the extension and the propagation of an initial
destruction—is therefore to be found in the solidarity of the parts
of the organism. The closer it is the greater do the chances of
destruction become, for the accident which has happened to one will by
repercussions affect the others.
Now the solidarity of the parts of the organism may be carried out in
two ways; there is a _humoral solidarity_ and a _nervous solidarity_.
_Humoral Solidarity._—Humoral solidarity is realized by the mixture
of humours. All the liquids of the organism which have lodged in the
interstices of the elements and which soak the tissues, are in contact
and in relation of exchange one with another, and through the permeable
wall of the small vessels they are in relation with the blood and the
lymph.
All the liquid atmospheres which surround the cells and form their
ambient medium have intercommunication. A change having taken place in
one cellular group, and therefore in the corresponding liquid, modifies
the medium of the further or nearer groups, and therefore these groups
themselves.
_Nervous Solidarity._—But the real instrument of the solidarity of the
part is the nervous system. Thanks to it in the living machine the
component activities of the cellular multitude restrain and control
one another. Nervous solidarity makes of the complex being not a mob
of cells, but a connected system, an individual in which the parts are
subordinated to the whole and the whole to the parts; in which the
social organism has its rights just as the individual has his rights.
The whole secret of the vital functional activity of the complex
being is contained in these two factors:—the independence and the
subordination of the elementary lives. General life is the harmony of
the elementary lives, their symphony.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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