Life and Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2Darwin, Charles
Science
Life and Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2
Darwin, Charles
Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882; Naturalists -- Great Britain -- Biography; Naturalists -- Great Britain -- Correspondence
He seems to me an extremely able man, as, indeed, I thought when I read
his first essay. His general argument in favour of Archebiosis (That is
to say, Spontaneous Generation. For the distinction between Archebiosis
and Heterogenesis, see Bastian, chapter vi.) is wonderfully strong,
though I cannot think much of some few of his arguments. The result
is that I am bewildered and astonished by his statements, but am
not convinced, though, on the whole, it seems to me probable that
Archebiosis is true. I am not convinced, partly I think owing to the
deductive cast of much of his reasoning; and I know not why, but I never
feel convinced by deduction, even in the case of H. Spencer's writings.
If Dr. Bastian's book had been turned upside down, and he had begun with
the various cases of Heterogenesis, and then gone on to organic,
and afterwards to saline solutions, and had then given his general
arguments, I should have been, I believe, much more influenced.
I suspect, however, that my chief difficulty is the effect of old
convictions being stereotyped on my brain. I must have more evidence
that germs, or the minutest fragments of the lowest forms, are always
killed by 212 degrees of Fahr. Perhaps the mere reiteration of the
statements given by Dr. Bastian [by] other men, whose judgment I
respect, and who have worked long on the lower organisms, would suffice
to convince me. Here is a fine confession of intellectual weakness; but
what an inexplicable frame of mind is that of belief!
As for Rotifers and Tardigrades being spontaneously generated, my mind
can no more digest such statements, whether true or false, than my
stomach can digest a lump of lead. Dr. Bastian is always comparing
Archebiosis, as well as growth, to crystallisation; but, on this view,
a Rotifer or Tardigrade is adapted to its humble conditions of life by
a happy accident, and this I cannot believe... He must have worked with
very impure materials in some cases, as plenty of organisms appeared in
a saline solution not containing an atom of nitrogen.
I wholly disagree with Dr. Bastian about many points in his latter
chapters. Thus the frequency of generalised forms in the older strata
seems to me clearly to indicate the common descent with divergence of
more recent forms. Notwithstanding all his sneers, I do not strike
my colours as yet about Pangenesis. I should like to live to see
Archebiosis proved true, for it would be a discovery of transcendent
importance; or, if false, I should like to see it disproved, and the
facts otherwise explained; but I shall not live to see all this. If ever
proved, Dr. Bastian will have taken a prominent part in the work. How
grand is the onward rush of science; it is enough to console us for the
many errors which we have committed, and for our efforts being overlaid
and forgotten in the mass of new facts and new views which are daily
turning up.
This is all I have to say about Dr. Bastian's book, and it certainly has
not been worth saying...
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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