Life and works of Alexander Csoma de Körös : $b A biography compiled chiefly from hitherto unpublished dataDuka, Tivadar
History
Life and works of Alexander Csoma de Körös : $b A biography compiled chiefly from hitherto unpublished data
Duka, Tivadar
Kőrösi Csoma, Sándor, 1784-1842
37. “We must not wonder that in the ancient Greek and Roman authors
we find but slender accounts respecting Pannonia, Dacia, and the
other countries on the Danube. Carthage was before the sight of
Rome, yet very little is known now of its internal state. The Getæ
probably descended successively from Asia (forced by Asiatic
revolutions) towards Assyria and Egypt, on one side, in a very
remote age, called by these people, from their passing the great
rivers Tigris and Euphrates, ‘Heber’ (an appellative name for
wandering people), whence, about the time of Moses, several
principal persons, forced to leave Phœnicia and Egypt, fled to the
islands of Archipelago, Rhodes, Crete, &c.—hence the Pelasgi,—and
on the other side, by Persia, Asia Minor, and so on to Thrace,
Macedonia, and Thessaly. The modern language of Thessaly, and of
some districts in Macedonia, blended with many Latin words, is the
same as that of the Wallachians in Lower Hungary, Transylvania,
Moldavia, Wallachia, and contains many Sanskrit words. It is
totally different from the Hungarian idiom both in words and
structure. There is a peculiarity of that language in the use of
definite articles. For instance, ‘Domnu,’ ‘Dominus’ in Latin, ‘a
lord’ in English; with the affixed definite article ul we have
‘domnul,’ ‘the lord’ in English. The feminine is ‘domna,’ ‘domina’
in Latin; ‘a lady,’ or ‘the lady,’ in English.
38. “In the Hungarian language the definite article a (or az before
words beginning with a vowel, like the Hebrew ha, Arabic el,
English the) is invariably put before every case and number. The
Greek, German, French, Italian, Spanish, &c., languages also have
definite articles put before nouns, but they vary according to the
different genders, cases, and numbers. The Latin, Sclavonic, and
Turkish languages have no distinct signs for the expression of a
definitive or emphatic locution, like the ‘the’ in English. There
are also in the Tibetan, Sanskrit, Indian, Syrian, Wallachian, and
Swedish languages certain signs denoting distinction in gender,
marking a definitive and emphatic locution, but all these languages
have the peculiarity of such particles being affixed to the nouns.
Such affixes in the Tibetan are for masculines, pa, po, va, vo; for
feminine, ma, mo, e.g., philingpa, European man; philingma, a
European woman; rgyelpo, the prince, king; rgyelmo, the princess,
the queen; lavo, the god; lamo, the goddess; zlaba, the moon;
nyima, the sun; contrary, nya-rgyas, full moon. In Sanskrit, deo, a
god; deva, the god; devi, the goddess; raj, a prince, king; raja,
the king; gang, a river; ganga, the river. The sign for such an
affix in the Syrian is the same as in the Sanskrit; for the
Wallachian I refer to the above-mentioned example; for the Swedish
I cannot now cite an example.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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