Life and works of Alexander Csoma de Körös : $b A biography compiled chiefly from hitherto unpublished dataDuka, Tivadar
History
Life and works of Alexander Csoma de Körös : $b A biography compiled chiefly from hitherto unpublished data
Duka, Tivadar
Kőrösi Csoma, Sándor, 1784-1842
Sanskrit terms seldom occur in Tibetan books, Csoma tells us, with the
exception of a few proper names of men, places, precious stones,
flowers, and plants; but the technical terms in the arts and sciences
found in Sanskrit have been rendered by their precise syllabic
equivalents in Tibetan, according to a system framed expressly for the
purpose, by the pandits who engaged in the translation of the sacred
works of the Buddhists into Tibetan, as may be seen in several
vocabularies of Sanskrit and Tibetan terms, [44] of which a large one
has been translated into English, and presented to the Asiatic Society
by Csoma; the same, he afterwards found, had been previously made known
to the learned of Europe by Monsieur Abel Rémusat, as stated above.
The Grammar was the second of Csoma’s great works, published a few
months after the Dictionary. Some of the remarks prefacing it will be
read with interest.
“Tibet being the headquarters of Buddhism in the present age, the
elementary works herewith published,” says Csoma, “may serve as a key
to unlock the immense volumes, faithful translations of the Sanskrit
text, which are still to be found in that country, on the manners,
customs, opinions, knowledge, ignorance, superstitions, hopes and fears
of great part of Asia, especially India, in former ages.
“It is not uninteresting to observe the coincidence of time with
respect to the great exertions made by several princes on behalf of the
literature of the three great religions, Christianity, Islamism, and
Buddhism, in the Latin, in the Arabic, and in the Sanskrit languages,
the epoch being the eighth and ninth centuries of our era—in Germany
and France by Charlemagne; at Baghdad by the Khalifs Al-Mansur, Harun
al-Rashid and Al Mamun; in India by the kings of Magadha; in Tibet by
Khrisrong De’hu tsan, Khri De’srong tsan, and Ralpachen; in China by
the Emperors of the Thang dynasty. But whilst learning has continually
decreased among the Buddhists and Mohammedans, it has developed
immensely in countries professing the religion of Christ, and the two
rival religions are studied in their original languages by the learned
of Europe.
“The students of Tibetan have been most rare, if they existed at all.
Isolated among inaccessible mountains, the convents of Tibet have
remained unregarded and almost unvisited by the scholar and traveller;
nor was it until within these few years conjectured, that in the
undisturbed shelter of this region, in a climate proof against decay
and the destructive influences of the tropical plains, were to be
found, in complete preservation the volumes of the Buddhist faith in
their original Sanskrit, as well as in faithful translations, which
might be sought for in vain on the continent of India.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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