Life histories of North American wood warblers, Part 1 (of 2)Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Science
Life histories of North American wood warblers, Part 1 (of 2)
Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Birds -- North America; Passeriformes; Wood warblers
This warbler is a common breeding bird in the mountains of southern
Arizona. In the brushy foothills and canyons of the Huachucas, we found
it between 4,000 and 7,000 feet in altitude, in the oak belt about
halfway up the canyons, principally among the scrub oaks and manzanita
bushes. In New Mexico, according to Mrs. Bailey (1928), it is found in
summer at slightly higher levels, 5,500 to 8,000 feet, in the oak and
pinyon pine country.
_Nesting._--In Washington, the black-throated gray warbler seems to nest
in fir trees exclusively, at heights ranging from 7 or 8 feet up to 50
feet above the ground. Rathbun has sent me the data for seven nests, all
in firs, at heights ranging from 7-1/2 to 35 feet; they were all on
horizontal branches and from 4 to 10 feet out from the trunk. He
describes in his notes a typical nesting site as follows: "From a
distance I saw a fir tree the character of which, from my experience,
was favored by this warbler as a nesting place. It was of considerable
size, one of a number scattered along the edge of the forest, and had
considerable undergrowth beneath. After a very careful examination I
located the nest near the extremity of one of the large lower limbs, at
a distance from the trunk of 9 feet and at a height above the ground of
23 feet. The nest was placed at the side of the limb and was securely
attached at a point where grew several small twig-like branches." He
says that this bird is very regular in its nesting date, the average
date for fresh eggs is between June 3 and 8, and that the nest is always
a neat one. He describes a typical nest as follows: "Plant fibers, dry
grasses and a few very small weed-stalks were all neatly woven together
to form the walls of the nest. The lining was a few feathers--two being
those of the ruffed grouse, with others from sparrows, the quill of each
being worked into the walls of the nest; next to this lining were soft
and very fine plant fibers, with a few horsehairs."
C. W. Bowles (1902) mentions a nest in southern Oregon that "was six
feet up in a manzanita bush in a patch of bushes of the same variety
about three acres in extent." But he adds that--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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