Life histories of North American woodpeckersBent, Arthur Cleveland
Science
Life histories of North American woodpeckers
Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Birds -- North America; Woodpeckers -- North America
The most remarkable of the sapsucker’s utterances, in that it does not
resemble a bird note at all, is a single syllable sounded regularly
over and over again--a low-toned _tuck_, like slow, sharp strokes on
a nonresonant branch. This note might sometimes be mistaken for a
chipmunk’s pluck, except that it lacks completely any ringing quality
of tone.
_Field marks._--The colored plates in the illustrated books on
ornithology lead one to expect to find the yellow-bellied sapsucker
rather a brilliantly colored, conspicuous bird. However, when we meet
it in the field, the colors, so bright and sharply outlined in the
picture of the bird, are often dimmed by the shadows of limbs and
leaves, and as the chief color is of a neutral tint, not unlike the
bark of many trees, we may sometimes pass the bird by, unnoticed. Our
first impression of the bird, when we catch a glimpse of it, is of a
medium-sized woodpecker, dull old-gold in color, and almost without
markings. A glass, however, brings out a thin line of white along the
length of the closed wing, a red or reddish forehead and fore part of
the crown, a black mark across the upper breast, and, if we look very
carefully, a yellowish belly.
W. L. McAtee (1911) points out the black mark is characteristic of
nearly all sapsuckers, and he links it up pretty successfully with a
red forehead. For example, The red-breasted sapsucker lacks the black
mark, but has a red head; the flicker, not a sapsucker, has a “black
spot on breast, but top of head from bill is not red”; the pileated
woodpecker “not a sapsucker. Entire lower parts black.” He continues:
“All sapsuckers have yellow bellies, few other woodpeckers have; all
sapsuckers have a conspicuous white patch on the upper part of the
wing, as seen from the side when clinging to a tree; white wing patches
in other woodpeckers are on the middle or lower part of the wings.
The yellow-bellied sapsucker of transcontinental range is the only
woodpecker having the front of the head (i. e., from bill to crown) red
in combination with a black patch on the breast.”
_Fall._--Generally when we see the yellow-bellied sapsucker in autumn,
during its slow journey toward the Southern States, it is alone. A
single bird may settle for two or three days in our dooryard, if there
be a tree there to its liking, perching well up in it and rarely moving
away. Here it is inconspicuous: its brownish color matches the bark
closely; it moves deliberately, as if to avoid notice; by hopping
behind a branch it keeps out of sight most of the time; and commonly it
is perfectly silent. On occasion it makes use of its whining cry, and
if two birds meet they may utter the red-breasted-nuthatch note, but as
a rule this woodpecker is one of the quietest of migrants.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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