Life histories of North American woodpeckersBent, Arthur Cleveland
Science
Life histories of North American woodpeckers
Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Birds -- North America; Woodpeckers -- North America
it is by no means as particular in the choice of a nesting
site as the majority of our Woodpeckers. Shortly after
arriving on their breeding grounds a suitable site is
selected for the nest, and not infrequently the same
excavation is used for successive years. In most cases
the nesting sites are excavated either in the tops of
tall pines or in dry cottonwoods, and in tall rotten tree
trunks, occasionally in partly decayed limbs of sycamores,
oaks, and less frequently in junipers and willows. The
nests, as a rule, are not easily gotten at, and quite a
number are practically inaccessible, varying in height from
6 to fully 100 feet from the ground.
* * * [At Camp Harney, Oreg.] these birds nested mostly in
junipers. * * * The junipers which are selected for nesting
sites were invariably decayed inside, and after the birds
had chiseled through the live wood, which was usually
only from 1 to 2 inches thick, the remainder of the work
was comparatively easy; the same site, if not disturbed,
was occupied for several seasons, and in such the inner
cavity was much deeper, some being fully 30 inches deep and
generally about 4 inches wide at the bottom. The entrance
hole varies from 2 to 2½ inches in diameter, and when this
is made by the birds it is always perfectly circular; but
occasionally a pair will take advantage of an old knot
hole, if it and the cavity it leads to are not too large.
The Weydemeyers (1928) say that in northwestern Montana this species
exercises a wide range of selection for nesting trees; of four nests
that they record, two were in larch stubs, one in a dead cottonwood,
and one in a live yellow pine; these nests were in the Transition Zone
at elevations between 2,000 and 3,100 feet.
Ed. S. Currier (1928) found Lewis’s woodpeckers nesting in what
he called “colonies,” near Portland, Oreg.; in each of two dead
cottonwoods, less than a mile apart, he found three occupied nests all
on the same day.
_Eggs._--Bendire (1895) says:
From five to nine eggs are laid to a set; those of six or
seven are the most common, but sets of eight are not very
rare; I have found several of that number, and a single set
of nine.
The eggs of Lewis’s woodpecker vary greatly in shape and
also in size. They are mostly ovate or short ovate in
shape, but an occasional set is decidedly rounded ovate,
while others are elliptical ovate; the shell is close
grained and, in most cases, dull, opaque white, without
any gloss whatever. Some sets, however, are moderately
glossy, but scarcely as much so as the better-known eggs of
the red-headed woodpecker, and none are as lustrous as the
eggs of the flicker.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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