They seem in winter to be semi-gregarious, flying singly, yet still keeping more or less in each other’s company. Their flight at this season is high and very erratic, resembling much, in its characteristic peculiarities, that of the swallow On warm days they keep up a lively chattering noise, unlike, in character, that of any other woodpecker that I have heard. During the cold season they are so shy that it is difficult to shoot them, as at the least alarm they betake themselves to the tops of the highest trees in the vicinity. They at that season subsist principally upon the larvae of insects, found in the cracks and fissures of the “red pine” of the country. I dissected a specimen killed at Fort Dalles, January 9, 1855, finding the coats of the stomach (gizzard) very thick and muscular, its cavity filled with the white larvae of insects, together with fine gravel. DISTRIBUTION _Range._--Western United States, southwestern Canada, and northwestern Mexico; migratory in the northern areas. _Breeding range._--Lewis’s woodpecker breeds =north= to southern British Columbia (Courtenay, Okanagan Landing, and Arrow Lake); Montana (Fortine, Flathead Lake, and Great Falls); and southwestern South Dakota (Elk Mountains). =East= to southwestern South Dakota (Elk Mountains); southeastern Wyoming (Laramie Hills and Laramie); eastern Colorado (Boulder, Denver, Colorado Springs, Boone, and Rouse Junction); and New Mexico (Bojuaque and Sacramento Mountain). =South= to southern New Mexico (Sacramento Mountain); Arizona (San Francisco Mountain and Fort Whipple); and southern California (Paso Robles). =West= through the coast ranges of California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia (Victoria, Comox, and Courtenay). _Winter range._--On the Pacific coast the species is resident =north= to the Columbia River (Portland and The Dalles, Oreg.) and is found =south= at this season to northern Baja California (Catavina and Guadalupe Valley). During two different winters these woodpeckers were recorded wintering in southern British Columbia (Alowna in 1920-21, Vernon in 1928-29, and Summerland 1928-29). In the Rocky Mountain region it winters =north= to north-central Colorado (Boulder and Denver) and is found =south= to central Texas (San Angelo); southern New Mexico (Guadalupe Mountains); and northern Sonora (5 miles southwest of Nogales, Ariz.). _Spring migration._--At neither season is the migratory movement extensive, but the following early dates of arrival in the northern parts of the breeding range may be considered typical: Wyoming--Wheatland, April 15; Laramie, May 5; Yellowstone Park, May 14. Montana--Fortine, April 27; Big Hole River, May 1; Corvallis, May 6. Washington--Grand Dalles, April 23; Prescott, April 26; Tacoma, April 27. British Columbia--Okanagan Landing, April 20; Arrow Lakes, April 28; Sumas, May 3.