Life histories of North American woodpeckersBent, Arthur Cleveland
Science
Life histories of North American woodpeckers
Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Birds -- North America; Woodpeckers -- North America
Dawson and Bowles (1909) say: “Doctor Cooper judged the Harris to be
the most abundant Woodpecker in Western Washington; and this, with
the possible exception of the Flicker (_Colaptes cafer saturatior_),
is still true. The bird ventures well out upon the eastern slopes of
the Cascade Mountains, and is found sparingly in the higher mountain
valleys; but its favorite resorts are burns and the edges of clearings,
rather than the depths of the woods.”
Johnson A. Neff (1928) quotes Dr. I. N. Gabrielson as saying: “The
Harris woodpecker is found throughout western Oregon from the western
slope of the Cascades to the coast, altho in the Rogue River Valley
some specimens which are close to ‘orius’ have been taken. I have one
labeled ‘orius’ by Dr. H. C. Oberholser, also have typical Harris from
this district, so that this is probably the region of intergradation
between these two forms.”
Harris’s woodpecker, like many other races of the humid Northwest coast
region, is darkly colored, one of the most easily recognized of all the
hairy woodpeckers. Even in Audubon’s day it was recognized, described,
figured, and named by him in honor of his friend Edward Harris. Ridgway
(1914) describes it as “similar to _D. v. hyloscopus_, but under parts
(including lateral rectrices) light drab or buffy drab-gray, instead of
white or nearly white, the head-stripes and stripe on back also usually
more or less suffused with the same color, often uniformly light drab;
average size slightly larger.”
_Courtship._--Theed Pearse (1934) gives us the following interesting
description of the courtship display of this woodpecker:
There were two males on the limb of a small cedar and my
attention was first drawn to them by their note, which is
very similar to the flicker’s “wickety” note but softer,
and might almost be described as “caressingly soft.” Both
birds were calling.
The displaying bird would draw in its head so that no neck
was apparent, with beak pointed outwards and upwards and
would then slowly swing the upper part of the body from
side to side, thereby bringing into play the red nape
marking. Once the bird very rapidly lifted its wings into
an upright position, at other times there was a quivering
flicking motion of the wings as they lay against the sides.
The two birds flew to another branch, settling side by
side and instantly each froze, the neck drawn in and the
beak pointed upwards. They were perched sideways on the
branch and were displaying the white markings in the tail
which each of them would slightly spread and turn out
(to one side). The feathers of the back were at the same
time hunched up as though to show up the white markings
there also. They did this several times before flying off
together.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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