Life histories of North American woodpeckersBent, Arthur Cleveland
Science
Life histories of North American woodpeckers
Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Birds -- North America; Woodpeckers -- North America
I cannot find that anything has been published on the habits of the
Queen Charlotte woodpecker, which probably do not differ essentially
from those of _harrisi_, to which it is closely related and which
inhabits a similar, humid coast environment. There are a number of
skins of this race in various collections, but, so far as I know, no
authentic eggs have ever found their way into any American collection.
Very little exploration has been done in the interior of the Queen
Charlotte Islands, and we know very little about the habits of its
birds.
DRYOBATES VILLOSUS TERRAENOVAE Batchelder
NEWFOUNDLAND WOODPECKER
HABITS
Charles F. Batchelder (1908), who discovered and described this race of
the hairy woodpecker, characterized it as--
Similar to typical _Dryobates villosus_, but slightly
larger, the black areas of the upper parts increased, the
white areas reduced both in number and in size, especially
in the remiges and wing coverts. * * * _Dryobates villosus
terraenovae_ is much smaller than _D. v. leucomelas_, and
is, of course, even more remote from it in coloring than
from true _villosus_. Between it and _D. v. hyloscopus_
and _D. v. monticola_ there is a striking resemblance in
coloring, but the wide area--occupied throughout its extent
either by _villosus_ or by _leucomelas_--that intervenes
between the ranges of these two Western subspecies and that
of _terraenovae_, precludes the possibility of immediate
intergradation, while the utter dissimilarity of the
climatic conditions of their respective habitats forbids
the supposition that like causes in environment have
developed like characters; apparently this is a case where
superficial resemblances have arisen entirely independently
of climatic influences.
I found the Newfoundland woodpecker fairly common in the heavily
timbered valleys of the Fox Island and Sandy Rivers in Newfoundland
in 1912. The timber in the flat river bottom and on the islands in
the Fox Island River is almost wholly made up of deciduous trees,
mainly poplar, canoe birch, ash, mountain ash (which grows to a very
large size), and alder, mixed with a few spruces. On the surrounding
hillsides the forest growth consists mainly of firs and spruces, with
plenty of canoe and yellow birches, poplars, larches, and mountain
ashes. The Sandy River runs through a fairly level and heavily timbered
region, with forests of large firs, red, white, and black spruces,
mixed with some birches and poplars. These two regions were the only
places where we found this and the downy woodpecker, nesting in the
deciduous trees. It has been observed by others in other places,
and doubtless it occurs wherever there is heavy timber, with a fair
sprinkling of deciduous trees, mainly along the streams and about the
shores of lakes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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