Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatusFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatus
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Eumeces fasciatus
Captive skinks, in taking their food, seem to rely much less than some
other lizards on movement of the prey as a means of detecting it. An
active and hungry skink often failed to notice a spider or insect moving
about on the opposite side of the terrarium a foot or more away.
However, on many occasions, skinks moving about the terrarium and coming
upon a motionless prey item have been seen to stop and examine it
intently for several seconds, then grasp it, often in a tentative and
hesitant manner, after testing it with the tongue. Sight and scent seem
to be about equally important in prey recognition, each supplementing
the other, and often functioning simultaneously. As many of the animals
preyed upon are secretive and would seldom be found in the open by day,
it seems that much of the prey is found in hiding places--in leaf litter
on the forest floor, beneath flat rocks or at their edges, and in chinks
and crannies of decaying logs, stumps, and tree trunks. Some of the prey
animals taken are of types that are more active and swift than the
skinks themselves. Presumably the olfactory sense is the more important
in detecting prey that is motionless or concealed. Stebbins (1948:202)
studied the nasal structure of _Eumeces_, and compared it with that of
other lizards. He concluded that the extensive mucus-secreting and
olfactory surfaces suggest relatively efficient humidification of
inspired air and efficient olfaction in lizards of this genus. In
captivity five-lined skinks thrived when provided with ample moisture
and shelter and food and kept within the proper temperature range. The
reactions of these captive skinks to various small animals introduced
into their terraria provided clues as to their food preferences, but
also were misleading in some instances. On many occasions hatchlings and
young of various sizes were kept with adults of both sexes and
subadults, but no instances of cannibalism were ever recorded in
captivity. No hostility was seen except between adults, mainly in the
breeding season. Young of the little brown skink, _Scincella laterale_,
kept with adult _E. fasciatus_, and small enough to be eaten by them,
likewise were unmolested. Small snakes such as _Diadophis_,
_Carphophis_, and _Storeria_ placed in terraria with the skinks evoked
no strong reaction. Occasionally mild avoidance reactions were aroused
but the skinks were never seen to display any hostility and readily
became accustomed to such cage mates. Mealworms, the most readily
available food for the captive skinks, were generally accepted by those
that were hungry and sufficiently warm, but were taken with little
enthusiasm. They were seldom noticed unless the skinks were within a few
inches. Skinks sometimes tested them with their tongues and examined
them intently then moved away without eating them. Earthworms, offered
on several occasions, were not eaten. Harvestmen, seemingly of the same
kind as those found in scats, were ignored by some captive individuals
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