Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatusFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatus
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Eumeces fasciatus
Harwood (1932:65) examined for endoparasites nine _E. fasciatus_ along
with many other reptiles and amphibians collected near Houston, Texas.
Most of them were infested and five kinds of helminths were identified.
Two of the skinks were infested with _Oswaldocruzia pipiens_, a spirurid
nematode that was also present in various other lizards, snakes, toads
and frogs from the same region; four had _Comocercoides dukae_, an
oxyurid nematode also present in various lizards, snakes, turtles, and
frogs; one had in its intestine _Oochoristica eumecis_, named as a new
species by Harwood, and found only in _Eumeces_; one contained
_Cysticercus_ sp. in its body cavity, present in great abundance as
white globular structures .6 mm. in diameter (Harwood states that
possibly these were larvae of _Oochoristica_). One skink contained
_Mesocoelium americanum_, a dicrocoelid trematode which was found also
in the brown skink (_Scincella laterale_) and DeKay's snake (_Storeria
dekayi_).
The ectoparasites of these skinks consist mainly of chiggers. Wharton
(1952:135) lists three species; _Trombicula alfreddugesi_, _T.
splendens_, and _T. gurneyi_. The first species is the common pest
chigger of humans and domestic animals in the United States, and south
through tropical America. Wharton lists 136 known hosts which are fairly
evenly divided among mammals, birds and reptiles; he lists four kinds of
frogs and toads. _Trombicula splendens_ is a similar and closely related
species which has been recorded from thirty-eight vertebrate hosts
including mammals, birds, reptiles, and a tree-toad. _Trombicula
gurneyi_ belongs to a separate subgenus and it was originally recorded
from _Eumeces fasciatus_ which seems to be one of the principal hosts.
Two of these mites, _T. alfreddugesi_ and _T. gurneyi_, were on skinks
collected on the Reservation, and nearby areas. A four year study of the
chiggers in this general region by Loomis (MS), Wolfenbarger (1953) and
Kardos (MS) has clarified the ecological relationships of the several
kinds of chiggers present, including their local distribution with
respect to vegetation, soil type, moisture and temperature, host
preferences, and seasonal occurrence. At the quarry, Rat Woods and the
pond rock pile, the chigger population consisted chiefly of _T.
alfreddugesi_, while at Skink Woods _T. gurneyi_ was also abundant. In
some local situations where they are among the most abundant of
vertebrates the skinks probably are important as hosts of _T. gurneyi_.
An individual skink may have dozens of chiggers on it at one time but
usually there are fewer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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