APPENDIX (p. 157) My attention has been called (too late for a reference in the text) to a medieval Latin poem giving a gloomy account of student life in Paris in the twelfth century. The verses, which have been printed in the _American Journal of Philology_ (vol. xi. p. 80), insist upon the hardships of the student's life, and contrast his miserable condition with the happier lot of the citizens of Paris. For him there is no rejoicing in the days of his youth, and no hope even of a competence in the future. His lodgings are wretched and neglected; his dress is miserable, and his appearance slovenly. His food consists of peas, beans, and cabbage, and "libido Mensae nulla venit nisi quod sale sparsa rigorem Esca parum flectit." His bed is a hard mattress stretched on the floor, and sleep brings him only a meagre respite from the toils of the day:-- "Sed in illa pace soporis Pacis eget studii labor insopitus, et ipso Cura vigil somno, libros operamque ministrat Excitae somnus animae, nec prima sopori Anxietas cedit, sed quae vigilaverat ante Sollicitudo redit, et major summa laboris Curarum studiis in somnibus obicit Hydram." In the early hours of the morning he goes to his lectures, and the (p. 158) whole of his day is given to study. The description of the student at lecture is interesting:-- "Aure et mente bibit et verba cadentia promo Promptus utroque levat, oculique et mentis in illo Fixa vigilque manet acies aurisque maritat Pronuba dilectam cupida cum meute Minervam." SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY (p. 159) Savigny: Geschichte der roemischen Rechts im Mittelalter. (Heidelberg, 1834.) Sir William Hamilton: Discussions on Philosophy and Literature, Education, and University Reform. (London, 1852.) Denifle: Die Entstehung der Universitaeten des Mittelalters bis 1400. (Berlin, 1885.) Rashdall: The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages. (Oxford, 1895.) Kaufmann: Geschichte der Deutschen Universitaeten. (Stuttgart, 1888.) Article on Universities in the _Encyclopaedia Britannica_. Archiv fuer Lit. u. Kirchengeschichte des Mittelalters. Jurist Statutes of Padua (1331) in vol. vi.; Salamanca documents in vol. v. Malagola: Statuti della universita e dei collegi dello studio bolognese. (Bologna, 1888.) Denifle and Chatelain: Chartularium Universitatis Parisiensis. (Paris, 1889-1897.) (Many of the statutes of the Colleges of Paris will be found scattered through Felibien: Histoire de la Ville de Paris. Paris, 1725.) Antony Wood: History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford. (Ed. Gutch. Oxford, 1792-6.) ---- History and Antiquities of the Colleges and Halls in the University of Oxford. (Ed. Gutch. Oxford, 1786.) Anstey: Munimenta Academica. (Rolls Series, 1868.) Statutes of the Colleges of Oxford. (London, 1853.)