Life Movements in Plants, Volume IBose, Jagadis Chandra
Science
Life Movements in Plants, Volume I
Bose, Jagadis Chandra
Growth (Plants); Plants -- Irritability and movements
I have already described the effect of Indirect stimulus on motile
organs (p. 136). A feeble stimulus applied at a distance was found
to induce an erectile movement or positive response of the leaf of
_Mimosa_ or of the leaflet of _Averrhoa_. This reaction is indicative
of increase of turgor, an effect which is diametrically opposite to
the diminution of turgor induced by the effect of Direct stimulus. It
was also shown that an increase in the intensity of Indirect stimulus
or a diminution of the intervening distance brought about a diphasic
response, positive followed by negative. Direct stimulus gave rise only
to a negative response.
_Electric response to Indirect stimulus._--I have already explained
how an identical reaction finds diverse expression in mechanical and
electrical response, or in responsive variation of the rate of growth.
It is of interest in this connection to state that my attention was
first directed to the characteristic difference between the effects
of Direct and Indirect stimulus from the study of electric response
of vegetable tissues. I found that while _Direct_ stimulus induced
negative electric response, _Indirect_ stimulus gave rise to a positive
response. The clue thus obtained led to the discovery of positive
mechanical response under Indirect stimulus.
[Illustration: FIG. 80.--Electric response of _Musa_ (_a_) Positive,
(_b_) diphasic, (_c_) negative.]
_Experiment 85._--The records given in Fig. 80, exhibit the electric
response given by vegetable tissues. On application of feeble
stimulus at a distance from the responding point, the response was by
galvanometric positivity. Under stronger stimulus the response became
diphasic, positive followed by negative. Direct stimulus induced a
negative response.
VARIATION OF GROWTH UNDER INDIRECT STIMULUS.
Since the responsive reactions of growing and non-growing organs are,
as we shall find later, fundamentally similar, I expected that Indirect
stimulus would give rise in a growing organ to an effect which would be
of opposite sign to that induced by Direct stimulus--an acceleration,
instead of retardation of growth; that would correspond to the positive
mechanical and electrical responses to Indirect stimulus given by
pulvinated organs and by ordinary vegetable tissues. The account of the
following typical experiment will show that my anticipations have been
fully verified.
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