Life Movements in Plants, Volume IIBose, Jagadis Chandra
Science
Life Movements in Plants, Volume II
Bose, Jagadis Chandra
Growth (Plants); Plants -- Irritability and movements
The effect induced by stimulus of light is transmitted to a distance, in
a manner precisely the same as in other modes of stimulation.
In the Paniceae, the local unilateral stimulation of the tip of the
cotyledon induces positive curvature in the growing hypocotyl, at some
distance from the tip. This is due to transmitted excitatory effect of
indirect stimulation; the earlier positive impulse induces a preliminary
negative curvature, which is reversed later by the excitatory negative
impulse into positive curvature.
Contrary to generally accepted view the hypocotyl not only perceives but
responds to light. The positive curvature induced by direct stimulation
is, however, neutralised by transverse conduction of excitation.
The effects of direct and indirect stimulus are independent of each
other; the final effect is determined by their algebraical summation.
XXXIV.--ON PHOTONASTIC CURVATURES
_By_
SIR J. C. BOSE,
_Assisted by_
GURUPRASANNA DAS.
Phototropic response, positive or negative, is determined by the
directive action of light. But photonastic reaction is supposed to
belong to a different class of phenomenon, where the movement is
independent of the directive action of light. I shall, however, be able
to establish a continuity between the tropic response of a radial and
the nastic movement of a dorsiventral organ. The intermediate link is
supplied by organs originally radial, but subsequently rendered
anisotropic by the unilateral action of stimulus of the environment. In
a dorsiventral organ, owing to anatomico-physiological differentiation,
the responsive movement is constrained to take place in a direction
perpendicular to the plane of separation of the two unequally excitable
halves of the organ. Even in such a case, it will be shown, that light
does exert a directive action; the direction of movement will further
be shown to be distorted by the lateral action of light.
PHOTOTROPIC RESPONSE OF ANISOTROPIC ORGANS.
The different sides of a radial organ, such as the young stem of
_Mimosa_, are equally excitable. The response to unilateral light of
moderate intensity is therefore positive; owing to equal excitabilities
of the two sides the response of the opposite sides are alike. Diffuse
stimulation therefore induces no resultant curvature. If, however, the
plant is allowed to form a creeping habit, the excitabilities of the
dorsal and ventral sides will no longer remain the same. Thus in the
creeping stem of _Mimosa_ the lower or the shaded side is, generally
speaking, found to be the more excitable. In fact such anisotropic stem
of _Mimosa_ acts somewhat like the pulvinus of the same plant. Diffuse
stimulation induces, in both, a concavity of the more excitable lower
half with the down movement of the leaf or the stem.
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