Life of George Washington, volume 2 of 5Irving, Washington
History
Life of George Washington, volume 2 of 5
Irving, Washington
Presidents -- United States -- Biography; Washington, George, 1732-1799
As the resolve of Congress seemed imperative with regard to Fort
Washington, that post, it was agreed, should be “retained as long as
possible.”
A strong garrison was accordingly placed in it, composed chiefly of
troops from Magaw’s and Shee’s Pennsylvania regiments, the latter under
Lieutenant-colonel Lambert Cadwalader, of Philadelphia. Shee having
obtained leave of absence, Colonel Magaw was put in command of the post,
and solemnly charged by Washington to defend it to the last extremity.
The name of the opposite post on the Jersey shore, where Greene was
stationed, was changed from Fort Constitution to Fort Lee, in honor of
the general. Lee, in fact, was the military idol of the day. Even the
family of the commander in-chief joined in paying him homage. Colonel
Tench Tilghman, Washington’s aide-de-camp, in a letter to a friend,
writes: “You ask if General Lee is in health, and our people bold. I
answer both in the affirmative. His appearance amongst us has
contributed not a little to the latter.”
CHAPTER XXXVII.
ARMY ARRANGEMENTS—WASHINGTON AT WHITE PLAINS—THE ENEMY AT THROG’S
POINT—SKIRMISH OF COLONEL GLOVER—ATTEMPT TO SURPRISE ROGERS, THE
RENEGADE—TROOPERS IN A ROUGH COUNTRY—ALARMS AT WHITE PLAINS—CANNONADING
OF SHIPS AT FORT WASHINGTON—MARCH OF LEE—FORTIFIED CAMP AT WHITE
PLAINS—RECONNOITRING—THE AFFAIR AT CHATTERTON HILL—RELATIVE SITUATION OF
THE ARMIES—CHANGE OF POSITION—CONTRAST OF THE APPEARANCE OF THE
TROOPS—GEORGE CLINTON’S IDEA OF STRATEGY—MOVEMENT OF THE BRITISH
ARMY—INCENDIARIES AT WHITE PLAINS.
Previous to decamping from Manhattan Island, Washington formed four
divisions of the army, which were respectively assigned to Generals Lee,
Heath, Sullivan (recently obtained in exchange for General Prescott),
and Lincoln. Lee was stationed on Valentine’s Hill on the mainland,
immediately opposite King’s Bridge, to cover the transportation across
it of the military stores and heavy baggage. The other divisions were to
form a chain of fortified posts, extending about thirteen miles along a
ridge of hills on the west side of the Bronx, from Lee’s camp up to the
village of White Plains.
Washington’s head-quarters continued to be on Harlem Heights for several
days, during which time he was continually in the saddle, riding about a
broken, woody, and half wild country, forming posts, and choosing sites
for breastworks and redoubts. By his skilful disposition of the army, it
was protected in its whole length by the Bronx, a narrow but deep
stream, fringed with trees, which ran along the foot of the ridge; at
the same time his troops faced and outflanked the enemy, and covered the
roads along which the stores and baggage had to be transported. On the
21st, he shifted his head-quarters to Valentine’s Hill, and on the 23d
to White Plains, where he stationed himself in a fortified camp.
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