[10] By the kindness of Mr Brown of Glasgow, the ingenious delineator of the Royal Palaces of Scotland, we are enabled to give, as the vignette to the present Volume, a view of this Palace, exhibiting the window of the very room where Mary was born, which is the large window on the first floor, immediately under the flight of birds. [11] Sadler's State Papers and Letters, vol. i. p. 263. [12] Whittaker, vol. iv. p. 144. [13] Mezeray, Histoire de France, tom. iii. p. 50. [14] Miss Benger's Memoirs, vol. i. p. 189, et seq. [15] Melville's Memoirs of his own Life, p. 12. [16] In transcribing dates it may be proper to mention, that we do not observe the old division of the year. Down till 1563, the French began the year at Easter; but it was then altered to the 1st of January, by the Chancellor L'Hopital. In Scotland till 1599, and in England till 1751, the year began on the 25th of March. Thus, in all the State Papers and letters of the age, written between the 1st of January and the 25th of March, the dates invariably belong to what we should now consider the preceding year. It is useful to be aware of this fact; though it is unnecessary for a writer of the present day, to deviate from the established computation of time.--Anderson's Collections, vol. i.--Preface, p. li.; and Laing, vol. i. p. 266. [17] Keith, p. 73. [18] Goodall's Examination, vol. l. p. 159, et seq. The motto which Goodall put upon his title page, "Pandere res altà terrâ et caligine mersas," he has in more than one instance amply justified. [19] Mezeray, Castelnau, Brantome, Thuanus, Chalmers, Miss Benger. [20] This picture originally belonged to Lord Robert Stuart, Earl of Orkney, one of Mary's natural brothers, and is now in the possession of William Trail, Esq. of Woodwick, Orkney, into whose family it came, together with other relics of the Earl, by the marriage of an ancestor of Mr Trail, to one of his descendants. _Vide_ APPENDIX A. [21] It is to the kindness of John Watson Gordon, Esq. deservedly one of the most eminent portrait-painters in Scotland, that we are indebted, both for the use of the painting from which the engraving has been made, and for several of the facts we have stated above. Mr Gordon has executed three copies of the picture--all of them exceedingly beautiful and accurate--possessing the merits, without any of the dusky dimness, which time has thrown over the original.