"Pavia," said the Emperor, "is the only place I ever gave up to pillage. I had promised it to the soldiers for twenty-four hours; but after three hours I could bear it no longer, and put an end to it. Policy and morality are equally opposed to the system. Nothing is so certain to disorganize and completely ruin an army."--LAS CASES, tom. iv., p. 326. See also Botta, tom. v., p. 465; Jomini, tom. viii., p. 137; and Lacretelle, tom. xiii., p. 199. [150] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 227. [151] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 227. [152] "The examples of the Imperial Fiefs and Lugo, though extremely severe, were indispensable, and authorised by the usage of war."--JOMINI, tom. viii., p. 156. [153] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 204; Jomini, tom. viii., p. 140. [154] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 206. [155] Napoleon, Memoirs, tom. iii., p. 209. [156] Daru, Hist. de Venise; tom. v., p. 436; Thibaudeau, tom. i., p. 257. [157] Moniteur, No. 267, June 17; Montholon, tom. iv., p. 121. [158] Thiers, tom. viii., p. 225. [159] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 213; Thibaudeau, tom. i., p. 275. [160] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 221; Thiers, tom. viii., p. 236. [161] "Il parcourut avet le grand-duc la célèbre galerie et n'y remarqua que trop la Vénus de Medicis."--LACRETELLE, tom. xiii., p. 190. [162] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 226; Pommereuil, Campagnes de Buonaparte, p. 78. [163] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 222. [164] The following letter appears in the journals as an intercepted despatch from Beaulieu to the Aulic Council of War. It seems worthy of preservation, as expressing the irritated feelings with which the veteran general was certainly affected, whether he wrote the letter in question or not. It will be recollected, that D'Argenteau, of whom he complains, was the cause of his original misfortunes at Montenotte. See _ante_, p. 52. "I asked you for a _general_, and you have sent me Argenteau--I am quite aware that he is a great lord, and that he is to be created Field-marshal of the Empire, to atone for my having placed him under arrest--I apprise you that I have no more than twenty thousand men remaining, and that the French are sixty thousand strong. I apprise you farther, that I will retreat to-morrow--next day--the day after that--and every day--even to Siberia itself, if they pursue me so far. My age gives me a right to speak out the truth. Hasten to make peace on any condition whatever."--_Moniteur_, 1796, No. 269.--S. [165] Montholon, tom. iii., p. 229; Jomini, tom. viii., p. 163. CHAPTER VI.