But, on the other hand, the excellence of such men has a charm, a kind
of sensuous sweetness, that is its own. Being conscious of frailty,
they are tender to the imperfect; being sensitive to this world, they
sympathise with the world; being familiar with all the moral incidents of
life, their goodness has a richness and a complication: they fascinate
their own age, and in their deaths they are ‘not divided’ from the
love of others. Their peculiar sensibility gives a depth to their
religion; it is at once deeper and more human than that of other men.
As their sympathetic knowledge of those whom they have seen is great,
so it is with their knowledge of Him whom they have not seen; and as is
their knowledge, so is their love; it is deep, from their nature; rich
and intimate, from the variety of their experience; chastened by the
ever-present sense of their weakness and of its consequences.
In extreme opposition to this is the ascetic species of goodness.
This is not, as is sometimes believed, a self-produced ideal—a simply
voluntary result of discipline and restraint. Some men have by nature
what others have to elaborate by effort. Some men have a repulsion from
the world. All of us have, in some degree, a protective instinct; an
impulse, that is to say, to start back from what may trouble us, to shun
what may fascinate us, to avoid what may tempt us. On the moral side of
human nature this preventive check is occasionally imperious; it holds
the whole man under its control,—makes him recoil from the world, be
offended at its amusements, be repelled by its occupations, be scared by
its sins. The consequences of this tendency, when it is thus in excess,
upon the character are very great and very singular. It secludes a man in
a sort of natural monastery; he lives in a kind of moral solitude; and
the effects of his isolation for good and for evil on his disposition
are very many. The best result is a singular capacity for meditative
religion. Being aloof from what is earthly, such persons are shut up with
what is spiritual; being unstirred by the incidents of time, they are
alone with the eternal; rejecting this life, they are alone with what
is beyond. According to the measure of their minds, men of this removed
and secluded excellence become eminent for a settled and brooding piety,
for a strong and predominant religion. In human life too, in a thousand
ways, their isolated excellence is apparent. They walk through the
whole of it with an abstinence from sense, a zeal of morality, a purity
of ideal, which other men have not. Their religion has an imaginative
grandeur, and their life something of an unusual impeccability. And these
are obviously singular excellences. But the deficiencies to which the
same character tends are equally singular. In the first place, their
isolation gives them a certain pride in themselves, and an inevitable
ignorance of others. They are secluded by their constitutional δαίμων
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