As we have said, much of this was difficult to avoid, if indeed it
could be avoided in dealing with such a theme. Even Milton shrank, in
some measure, from delineating the Divine character. His imagination
evidently halts when it is required to perform that task. The more
delicate imagination of our modern world would shrink still more. Any
person who will consider what such an attempt must end in, will find
his nerves quiver. But by a curiously fatal error, Milton has selected
for delineation exactly that part of the Divine nature which is most
beyond the reach of the human faculties, and which is also, when we try
to describe our fancy of it, the least effective to our minds. He has
made God _argue_. Now the procedure of the Divine mind from truth to
truth must ever be incomprehensible to us; the notion, indeed, of His
proceeding at all, is a contradiction: to some extent, at least, it is
inevitable that we should use such language, but we know it is in reality
inapplicable. A long train of reasoning in such a connection is so out
of place as to be painful; and yet Milton has many. He relates a series
of family prayers in heaven, with sermons afterwards, which are very
tedious. Even Pope was shocked at the notion of Providence talking like
‘a school-divine.’ And there is the still worse error, that if you once
attribute reasoning to Him, subsequent logicians may discover that He
does not reason very well.
Another way in which Milton has contrived to strengthen our interest in
Satan, is the number and insipidity of the good angels. There are old
rules as to the necessity of a supernatural machinery for an epic poem,
worth some fraction of the paper on which they are written, and derived
from the practice of Homer, who believed his gods and goddesses to be
real beings, and would have been rather harsh with a critic who called
them machinery. These rules had probably an influence with Milton, and
induced him to manipulate these serious angels more than he would have
done otherwise. They appear to be excellent administrators with very
little to do; a kind of grand chamberlains with wings, who fly down
to earth and communicate information to Adam and Eve. They have no
character; they are essentially messengers, merely conductors, so to say,
of the providential will: no one fancies that they have an independent
power of action; they seem scarcely to have minds of their own. No effect
can be more unfortunate. If the struggle of Satan had been with Deity
directly, the natural instincts of religion would have been awakened; but
when an angel possessed of mind is contrasted with angels possessed only
of wings, we sympathise with the former.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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