Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engineSmiles, Samuel
History
Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engine
At length the Newcomen model arrived from London; and, in 1763, the little
engine, which was destined to become so famous, was put into the hands of
Watt. The boiler was somewhat smaller than an ordinary tea-kettle. The
cylinder of the engine was only of two inches diameter and six inches
stroke. Watt at first regarded it as merely “a fine plaything.” It was,
however, enough to set him upon a track of thinking which led to the most
important results. When he had repaired the model and set it to work, he
found that the boiler, though apparently large enough, could not supply
steam in sufficient quantity, and only a few strokes of the piston could
be obtained, when the engine stopped. The fire was urged by blowing, and
more steam was produced, but still it would not work properly. Exactly
at the point at which another man would have abandoned the task in
despair, the mind of Watt became thoroughly roused. “Everything,” says
Professor Robison, “was to him the beginning of a new and serious study;
and I knew that he would not quit it till he had either discovered its
insignificance, or had made something of it.” Thus it happened with the
phenomena presented by the model of the steam-engine. Watt referred to
his books, and endeavoured to ascertain from them by what means he might
remedy the defects which he found in the model; but they could tell him
nothing. He then proceeded with an independent course of experiments,
resolved to work out the problem for himself. In the course of his
inquiries he came upon a fact which, more than any other, led his mind
into the train of thought which at last conducted him to the invention of
which the results were destined to prove so stupendous. This fact was the
existence of Latent Heat.
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