Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engineSmiles, Samuel
History
Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engine
But a new and still more alarming source of anxiety occurred to disturb
the mind of poor Watt, and occasion him many more sleepless nights. The
movement to abolish the patent by repeal of the Act of Parliament having
broken down, attempts were now made in many quarters to evade it by
ingenious imitations, in which the principle of Watt’s engine was adopted
in variously disguised forms. But to do this successfully would have
required an inventive faculty almost as potent as that of Watt himself;
and he had drawn the specification of his patent too carefully to be
easily broken through by the clumsy imitators who made the attempt. It
was, however, only natural that the success of the new engine should draw
the attention of ingenious mechanics to the same subject. Watt had drawn a
great prize, and why should not they? though they little knew the burden
of sorrow which his prize had brought upon him. They only knew of the
large annual dues--probably exaggerated by the tongue of rumour--which
were being paid to the patentees for the use of their engines; and
they not unnaturally sought to share in the good fortune. There might
possibly be other mechanical methods by which the same objects were to
be accomplished, without borrowing from Watt; at all events it was worth
trying. Hence the number of mechanical schemers who made their appearance
almost simultaneously in all parts of the country, and the number of new
methods of various kinds contrived by them for the production of motive
power.
Watt was very soon informed of the schemes which were on foot in his
immediate neighbourhood--much too soon for his peace of mind. He at
once wrote to his partner: “Some Camborne gentlemen (supposed to be
Bonze and Trevithick) have invented a new engine which they say beats
ours two-thirds, and one of the partners has gone to London to procure
a patent for it. A Mr. Vice says he has also invented a new engine,
and that they have stolen his and compounded it with ours; he intends
to take out a caveat against them.”[213] Though Bonze was an excellent
engineer, and elicited the admiration of Watt himself, it turned out that
he had no concern with the new invention. Its projectors proved to be
the Hornblowers, also engineers of considerable local repute. Watt had
befriended the family, and employed them in erecting his engines, by which
means they became perfectly familiar with their construction and mode of
action. Jonathan Hornblower had a large family of sons, of whom Jabez,
Jesse, Jethro, and Jonathan were engineers, like their father. Jabez,
one of the cleverest, had spent some time in Holland, from whence he had
returned with some grand scheme in his head for carrying out an extensive
system of drainage in that country. Like his father and the other sons,
he was employed in erecting Watt’s engines,[214] which had the effect
of directing his attention to the invention of a new power which should
supersede that of his employer.
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