During the year 1665, Letters of Marque and Reprisal were granted to CAREW and his associates, and a special clause of continuance until the full recovery of debt and damages,[42] notwithstanding the conclusion of any subsequent Treaty of Peace was inserted. This was done after an elaborate argument before the Lord Chancellor CLARENDON. Several ships were taken by CAREW’S cruisers, but they were nearly all claimed by Hamburghers, Swedes, and others. And at length the cost of the reprisals exceeded their yield. In this case, and throughout it, as in so many other and graver cases, the policy of CHARLES THE SECOND’S ministers was a policy of the passing exigence. Principle had always to vail to expediency. The Dutch were permitted, after all, to insert their favorite extinction clause in the Treaty of Breda (21 July, 1667). Five years later, the Privy Council advised the King that ‘it is just and reasonable for your Majesty to insist upon reparation for the debt and damages’ sustained by the seizure, in 1643, of the _Bona Esperanza_ and her consort. New Letters of Marque led to the capture of more vessels, duly provided with a diversity of flag; and to the imprisonment, in England, of the captors, before trial or inquiry. Meanwhile, CAREW himself was seized abroad, and put into a Dutch prison. [Sidenote: _Courten Papers_, in MS. Sloane, 3515.] And, at length, in 1676, the States of Holland sent express orders to their courts of judicature, directing that ‘no further progress shall be made in the pending suits,’ grounding the order upon the proviso in the treaty of 1667, as extinctive of all claims and pretensions, whatsoever, advanced by Englishmen against Dutch citizens, be the foundation and history of such claims what they might. This decree, therefore, operated in bar, as well of the claims of the representatives of Sir William COURTEN, for the debt of Peter BOUDAEN, as of those arising out of the seizure of the ships of the East India Fleet. It was estimated that the COURTEN claims then pending in the Courts of Holland amounted, in the aggregate, to £380,000 sterling.[43] In May, 1683, a petition was presented to the English government, in which humble prayer was made that that government would be graciously pleased ‘to perpetuate the memory of Sir William COURTEN and of Sir Paul PINDAR, by setting up their statues in marble under the piazzas of the Royal Exchange—Sir William COURTEN’S at the end of the “Barbadoes walk” at the one side, and Sir Paul PINDAR’S at the end of the “Turkey walk” of the other side—for encouragement to all merchants, in future ages, [Sidenote: _Vox Veritatis_, 1683. (B. M.)] to take examples by them for loyalty and fidelity to their King and country.’ [Sidenote: COURTEN’S SECOND VISIT TO FRANCE, AND HIS TRAVELS.]