Living lights : $b A popular account of phosphorescent animals and vegetablesHolder, Charles Frederick
Science
Living lights : $b A popular account of phosphorescent animals and vegetables
Holder, Charles Frederick
Animals; Bioluminescence; Phosphorescence
The light is extremely beautiful. That of the Atlantic forms is
said to be polychroic, or an intense green; while in the very large
species it is azure. So brilliant and striking is the light, that the
impression is gained that it proceeds from the entire surface of the
animal; but this is not the case, according to Panceri.[42] When the
_Pyrosoma_ is moving along in its curious fashion,--which calls
to mind the old stern-wheel steamers,--and is undisturbed, the light
is intermittent, now flashing from one cell, and now from another; the
vast number of gleams giving it the appearance at times of constant
light over the entire surface.
Panceri found that the luminous bodies produced an albuminoid
substance that may become diffused by handling, and retain its
luminosity for some time. Curiously enough, fresh water increases
the intensity of the light, and causes it to continue for a longer
period. The intensity of the light may be realized, when we learn from
Figuier that Bibra, a Brazilian navigator, employed six _Pyrosomæ_
to illuminate his cabin, which was thus rendered so bright that he
could read to a friend the description he had written of these living
lanterns.
Mr. Bennett, the naturalist, thus describes his experience with these
beautiful creatures: “On the 8th of June, being then in latitude 30°
south, and 27° 5′ west longitude, having fine weather and a fresh
south-easterly trade-wind, and the thermometer ranging from 78° to
84°, late at night the mate of the watch called me to witness a very
unusual appearance in the water. This was a broad and expansive sheet
of phosphorescence, extending from east to west as far as the eye could
reach. I immediately cast the towing-net over the stern of the ship,
which soon cleaved through the brilliant mass, the disturbance causing
strong flashes of light to be emitted; and the shoal, judging from the
time the vessel took in passing through the mass, may have been a mile
in length. On taking in the towing-net, it was found half filled with
_Pyrosoma atlanticum_, which shone with a beautiful pale-greenish
light. After the mass had been passed through by the ship, the light
was still seen astern, until it became invisible in the distance, and
the ocean became hidden in the darkness as before this took place.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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