THE last Constitution of Air we are to take Notice of, is that which is cold and dry, against which there are a great many very heavy Complaints. _Galen_ writes of a most Raging Pestilence about _Aquileia_ in _Italy_, that began in the very Middle of Winter, and had its manifest Cause in extream Cold. _Fernelius_[36] asserts the Rise of several Pestilences from the same Causes: As also does _Morellus_[37] observe great Malignities to proceed from some _Northerly_ cold Winds. _Titus Livy_[38] likewise mentions a _Pestilential Constitution_ arising from intense Cold, but _Physical Histories_ abound with such Relations. OF the strange and sudden Effects of intense Cold and dry Winds, we have very surprizing Accounts from those who have travelled into Countries where they are the most frequent. Dr. _Bernard Connor_[39] beforementioned, relates, That when he was in _Poland_, it was asserted to him by very creditable Testimonies, that it frequently happens in _Lithuania_, and some of the _Northern_ Tracts of _Muscovy_ and _Tartary_; that if sometimes, through the Neglect of the Shepherds, their small Cattle, as _Sheep_, _Goats_, and the like, be left exposed in the Night-time to the _Northerly Winds_, they are frequently found next Morning perfectly stiff and dead, in the same Posture as they are wont to be in at their Stalls and Cribs: And there are divers Accounts of Persons in those Countries, who have been so suddenly transfixed, stiffened, and killed by those _Blasts_, as to have continued on Horseback in the same Posture as when Living, till the Horse, acquainted with the Road, has brought them to their Journey’s End: And the above-mentioned Physician[40] tells us, that when he was at _Brussels_, he was informed by a _Spanish_ Captain, that of a Party of Horse that was sent out for Booty in a very cold Season, one by Accident lost the rest of the Body; and Riding about some time, before he could find his Way, or any Refreshment, he was so transfixed with the Cold as to be quite killed, but continued on Horseback in the Posture of a Live Person, until his Horse at last happened to find the Way back to his Quarters, whither his Company had before got, and missing him, feared he had fallen into the Enemies Hands; but when they came to congratulate him upon his safe Return, they went so near as to speak to him, and take hold of him, before they perceived him to be dead. TO _Blasts_ of this kind it undoubtedly is, that Fruit Trees and Plants do so frequently suffer, especially after a warm early Spring, after the vegetable Juices have began to rise and shoot into Buds and Leaves. Instances of this Nature we frequently find in our own Countrey; and I have had Opportunity to observe, more than once, that upon such _Blasts_, the Trees have, on that side towards the Wind, been in one Night’s Time quite changed in the Colour of the Leaves; and some, of the most tender sort, almost stripped bare, their Leaves falling off dry, as in _Autumn_.