London (England) -- History; London (England) -- Social life and customs
Then there is the great day of the company--its saint's day--the day of
visible greatness for the trade. On this day is the whole livery
assembled; there must be none absent, great or small: all are met in the
hall, every man in a new gown of the trade color. First to church; the
boys and singing clerks lead the way, chanting as they go. Then march
the Lord Mayor's sergeants, the servants of the company, and the company
itself, with its wardens and the officers. Mass despatched, they return
home in the same order to the hall, where they find a banquet spread for
them, such a banquet as illustrates the wealth and dignity of the trade;
the music is in the gallery, the floor is spread with rushes newly laid,
clean, and warm; the air is fragrant with the burning of that scented
Indian wood called sanders; at the high table sit the master or warden,
the guests--even the King will sometimes dine with a city company--and
the court. Below, at the tables, arranged in long lines, are the freemen
of the company, and not the men alone, but with every man sits his wife,
or, if he be a bachelor, he is permitted to bring a maiden with him if
he chooses. Think not that a city company of the olden time would call
together the men to feast alone while the women stayed at home. Not at
all. The wardens knew very well that there is no such certain guard, and
preservative of honesty and order, which are the first requisites for
the prosperity of trade, as the worship of man for maiden and of maid
for man.
When dinner is over, they will elect the officers for the year, and
doubtless hear a word of admonition on the excellence of the work and
the jealousy with which the standard of good work should be guarded.
Then the loving-cup goes round, and the mummers come in to perform plays
and interludes, dressed up in such fantastic guise as makes the women
scream and the men laugh and applaud.
On the day before Ascension Day there was beating of the bounds, a
custom still observed, but with grievous shrinkage of the ceremonies.
Perhaps the greatest festival of the year was May Day, which fell in the
middle of our month of May. It must be a hard year indeed when the east
winds are not over and done with by the middle of May. Spring was upon
them. Only think what was meant by spring to a people whose winters were
spent, as must have been the case with most of them, in small houses,
dark and cold, huddled round the fire without candles, going to bed
early, rising before daylight, eating no fresh meat, fruit, or
vegetables, waiting impatiently for the time to return when they would
live again in the open, shutters down and doors thrown wide.
All the young people on the eve of May Day went out into the fields to
gather boughs and white-thorn flowers. In Chaucer's "Court of Love,"
"Forth goeth all the court, both most and least, to fetch the flowers
fresh." Later on, Herrick writes:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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