London (England) -- History; London (England) -- Social life and customs
At Cornhill there was another pageant, representing the Queen placed on
a seat supported by four figures, viz., Religion, Wisdom, Justice, and
Love, each of which was treading under foot the opposite vice. Music and
a poetical address.
At the entrance of Cheapside a third pageant represented the eight
beatitudes.
At the Conduit a fourth pageant displayed two mountains; one, ragged and
stony, with a withered tree, under which sat one in homely garb; over
her head was a tablet with the legend, "Respublica ruinosa." The other
hill was fair and green, with a flourishing tree, and the words,
"Respublica bene instituta." Between the hills was a cave, out of which
issued Time, with his wings, scythe, and forelock quite complete,
leading a maiden in white silk, on whose head was written _Temporis
Filia_, and on her breast _Veritas_. This fair damsel held a Bible in
her hand, which she let down by a silken thread to the Queen.
At the Conduit in Fleet Street they had erected a stage with four
towers, on which was a throne under a palm-tree. On the throne sat
Deborah, "Judge and Restorer of the House of Israel." On the steps of
the throne stood six personages, two of them representing the nobility,
two the clergy, and two the commons. At Temple Bar they had two giants,
Gogmagog and Albion, and Corineus, the Briton. On the south side was a
"noise" of singing children, one of whom, attired as a poet, bade the
Queen farewell in the name of the City.
The court pageants may be understood by reading the masques of Ben
Jonson. Everything costly, splendid, and precious was lavished upon
these shows. Everything that machinery could contrive was devised for
them. Ben Jonson himself, speaking of the performance of his "Hymenæa,"
says: "Such was the exquisite performance, as, besides the pomp,
splendor, or what we may call apparelling of such presentments, that
alone, had all else been absent, was of power to surprise with delight,
and steal away the spectators from themselves. Nor was there wanting
whatsoever might give to the furniture or complement, either in riches,
or strangeness of the habits, delicacy of dances, magnificence of the
scene, or divine rapture of musick. Only the envy was that it lasted not
still."
It was not until 1570 that the first theatre was built. The popularity
of the play had already begun to grow with amazing rapidity. In twenty
years there were five theatres, with performances every day. The Queen
had four companies of children trained to perform, viz., the children of
St. Paul's, the children of the chapel, the children of Westminster, and
the children of Windsor. The public actors, too, were often called upon
to perform before the Queen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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