London (England) -- History; London (England) -- Social life and customs
First, that of St. Thomas of Acon. The college was founded by Agnes,
sister of Thomas à Becket. She endowed it with her father's property in
London. It stood on the site of the present Mercers' Chapel, and was
built on the spot where the new saint was born. The Mercers' Chapel,
however, occupies only a portion of the splendid church which was
destroyed in the Great Fire. The Foundation received many endowments,
and at the Dissolution its income was nearly £300 a year, equal to
twenty times as much of modern money. The City, naturally proud of its
saint, observed a curious annual function in connection with this
college. On the afternoon of the day when he was sworn at the Exchequer,
the new Lord Mayor, with the Aldermen, met at this chapel and thence
proceeded to St. Paul's, where first they prayed for the soul of Bishop
William--who had been Bishop of London in the time of William the
Conqueror. This done, they repaired to the tomb of Gilbert à Becket, in
Pardon Church-yard, and there prayed for all faithful souls departed.
Then they returned to St. Thomas Acon and made an offering. Nothing is
said about the evening, but one hopes that the day was concluded in the
cheerful manner common at all times with London citizens.
Next, the College of Whittington.
This noble and wealthy merchant rebuilt the Church of St. Michael,
called Paternoster in the Royal, and attached to it a College of St.
Spirit and St. Mary for a master, from fellows, clerks, conducts, and
choristers, together with an almshouse for thirteen poor men. They were
all bound to pray for the soul of Sir Richard Whittington and his wife,
Dame Alice; also for those of Sir William Whittington and Dame Joan, his
wife, the parents of the founder. The college was swept away at the
Dissolution; the almshouse remained and was rebuilt after the Fire. They
are now removed to Highgate, but a conventual feeling still lingers
about the buildings at the back of the church.
Then follows St. Michael's College, Crooked Lane.
Sir William Walworth, the valiant Mayor who killed Wat Tyler, founded a
college of one master and nine chaplains to say mass in St. Michael's
Church, the choir and the aisles of which he rebuilt.
And there was also Jesus Commons.
This Foundation seems to have resembled that of All-Souls, Oxford, in
that its fellows had no duties to perform except the services of their
chapel. It is described as a fair house in Dowgate (no doubt built round
a small quadrangle), well furnished with everything and containing a
good library, all for the use of those who lived there--a peaceful,
quiet place, without any history. One thinks of the day when it had to
be dissolved, and the poor old priests, who had lived so long in the
house, were driven forth into the streets. Not even submission to the
king's supremacy could save the tenants of Jesus Commons. The house
itself was pulled down and tenements built in its place.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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