EWEL, a town near Epsom in Surry, fourteen miles from London. Here a plentiful spring breaks out in several different spots, and becomes the head of a fine stream as clear as crystal, that runs over Epsom meadows, and falls into the Thames at Kingston. _St._ EWEN, or OWEN, a parish church which anciently stood near the north east corner of Warwick lane in Newgate street, the remains of which are still to be seen in the cellars of Mr. Hinton, a bookseller, and the next house to the west. This was one of the churches given by Henry VIII. towards the erecting of Christ Church. EWER’S _street_, Gravel lane.† EXCHANGE. See ROYAL EXCHANGE, OLD CHANGE, and EXETER EXCHANGE. EXCHANGE, or CHANGE _alley_, 1. Cornhill; so called from its being situated opposite to the Royal Exchange. 2. In the Mint. EXCHANGE _court_, 1. In the Strand.☐ 2. By Exeter Exchange.☐ EXCHEQUER, one of the four great courts of the kingdom, is held in a room contiguous to the north west corner of Westminster hall, and is so named from a chequered cloth, which anciently covered the table where the Judges, or chief officers sat. This court was first erected by William the Conqueror, for the trial of all causes relating to the revenues of the crown; and in the same court there are now also tried matters of equity between subject and subject. The Judges of this court are, the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and three other Judges called Barons of the Exchequer; who are all created by letters patent to hold their offices _quamdiu se bene gesserint_. There is also the Cursitor Baron of the Exchequer, who administers the oath to the Sheriffs, Under-Sheriffs, bailiffs, searchers, surveyors, &c. of the Custom house; but is no Judge. When at any time the Barons are of different opinions concerning the decision of any cause, they call to their assistance the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who decides in favour of one of the parties by his casting vote. _Dugdale’s Orig. Jurid._ Long after the conquest there sat in the Exchequer both spiritual and temporal Barons, whence in later times those who sat there, tho’ they were not Peers, were stiled Barons. EXCHEQUER, or _the Office of the receipt of his Majesty’s_ EXCHEQUER, a plain old building formed of wood and plaister, at the south end of New Palace yard, where the King’s revenue is received and disbursed. This important office is under the direction of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who has the custody of the Exchequer seal; he has also the comptrollment of the rolls of the Lords of the Treasury, and sits in the court above the Barons of the Exchequer. He has the gift of the office of Comptroller of the Pipe, and of that of Clerk of the Nihils.