_Earl_ MARSHAL _of England_, the eighth great officer of the kingdom, hereditary in the family of the Dukes of Norfolk ever since the year 1553. This officer had formerly great authority; for he took cognizance of all matters of war and arms, determined contracts relating to deeds of arms out of the realm upon land, and matters concerning wars within the realm, that could not be determined by common law, in which he was generally guided by the civil law. Indeed he had several courts, among which was the Marshalsea court in the Borough, so called from its being under his jurisdiction. But the house of Norfolk being of the Romish religion, is incapable by law of performing these offices. See MARSHALSEA PRISON. The Earl Marshal has however held several courts at Doctors Commons, to inquire into the right several people had assumed of bearing arms. _Chamberlain’s Present State._ _City_ MARSHAL, an officer of considerable authority, dignity, and profit. His business is to see the laws of the city put in execution; and in solemn processions he rides before the Lord Mayor, on a horse richly caparisoned. The sum of fifteen hundred pounds is usually given for this place. MARSHAL _street_, 1. Maiden lane, Deadman’s place. 2. Silver street, Bloomsbury. MARSHALSEA COURT. See the following article. MARSHALSEA PRISON, on St. Margaret’s Hill, Southwark, is a place of confinement for persons who have committed crimes at sea, as pirates, &c. and for debtors. In this prison is the Marshalsea court, the Judges of which are, the Lord Steward of his Majesty’s houshold for the time being; the Steward of the court, who must be a barrister at law; and a Deputy Steward. In all civil actions tried in this court, both the plaintiff and defendant must belong to his Majesty’s houshold, The persons confined in this prison for crimes at sea, take their trials at the Old Bailey. In the same prison is the _Palace Court_, the jurisdiction of which extends twelve miles round the palace of Westminster, the city of London only excepted; and the debtors within any part of Westminster, and twelve miles round, may be carried to this prison for a debt of 40s. Actions for debt are tried in this court every Friday, and there are the same Judges, Counsellors and Attorneys here as in the Marshalsea court; these are, besides the Judges already mentioned, a Prothonotary, a Secondary, and Deputy Prothonotary; four Counsellors, and six Attorneys, But in this court neither the plaintiff nor defendant must belong to his Majesty’s houshold. The buildings are mean and ruinous; but the court-room is pretty spacious and convenient. MARSHAM _court_, Hog lane, St. Giles’s.† MARSHAM _street_, Market street, Westminster.† MARTIN’S _court_, 1. Whitechapel.† 2. Chick lane, Smithfield.†