Lord Byron as a satirist in verseFuess, Claude Moore
History
Lord Byron as a satirist in verse
Fuess, Claude Moore
Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron, 1788-1824 -- Criticism and interpretation; Verse satire, English -- History and criticism
“Pulci was sire of the half-serious rhyme,
Who sang when chivalry was not Quixotic,
And revelled in the fancies of the time,
True knights, chaste dames, huge giants, Kings despotic.”[239]
However, _Don Juan_, III, 45, presenting a possible parallelism with
the _Morgante_, XVIII, 115, would indicate that Byron was familiar
with Pulci’s poem at least some months before.[240] On February 7,
1820, he wrote Murray: “I am translating the first canto of Pulci’s
_Morgante Maggiore_, and have half done it.”[241] In speaking of the
completion of the translation, of which he was very proud, he told
Murray, February 12, 1820: “You must print it side by side with the
original Italian, because I wish the reader to judge of the fidelity;
it is stanza for stanza, and often line for line, if not word for
word.”[242] In the Preface to the translation, printed with it in
_The Liberal_, July 30, 1823, Byron uttered his final word on the
Italian writer: “Pulci may be regarded as the precursor and model
of Berni altogether.... He is no less the founder of a new style of
poetry lately sprung up in England. I allude to that of the ingenious
Whistlecraft.” It is evident, then, that Byron estimated Pulci’s
work very highly, that he was acquainted, probably, with the entire
_Morgante Maggiore_ and had studied the first canto, at least, in
detail, and that he considered him the original model of Berni and
Frere.
It remains to point out specific qualities in manner and style which
link the two poets together.[243] Towards the narrative portion of the
_Morgante_, Byron seems to have been indifferent. In _Don Juan_ there
is but one clear allusion to the Carolingian legend:
“Just now, enough; but bye and bye I’ll prattle
Like Roland’s horn in Roncesvalles’ battle.”[244]
There is a fairly close parallel already pointed out between the
response of a servant to Lambro in _Don Juan_, III, 45, and Margutte’s
speech in the _Morgante_, XVIII, 115. There are, however, no other
incidents in _Don Juan_ which resemble any part of the earlier poem.
Pulci’s realism, a quality which is usually in itself burlesque when
it is applied to a romantic subject, is shown in his fondness for
homely touches and minute details, in his use of words out of the
street and proverbs from the lips of the populace. The interjection of
the lower-class spirit into the poem helped to make the _Morgante_
in actuality what Frere had tried to produce in _The Monks, and the
Giants_--a treatment of heroic characters and deeds by a bourgeois
mind. The spectacle of the common vulgar details in the every-day life
of men supposedly great naturally somewhat degrades the heroes. When
Byron portrays General Suwarrow as
“Hero, buffoon, half-demon, and half-dirt,”[245]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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