Louis Pasteur: His Life and LaboursVallery-Radot, René
Science
Louis Pasteur: His Life and Labours
Vallery-Radot, René
Pasteur, Louis, 1822-1895; Scientists -- France -- Biography
Thus, as in the case of _pébrine_, the morbid symptoms of _flacherie_
are very variable. All depends on the intensity of the evil--that is
to say, on the abundance and the nature of the parasites developed in
the intestinal canal, and also on the period in the life of the worm
when this fermentation begins to show itself. The most dangerous of
all these ferments are those of the family of vibrios. If they exist
in the first phases of the life of the worm, it dies quickly and very
soon becomes putrid, sometimes resolving itself into an infected pus.
The disease often manifests itself in a manner particularly distressing
and disastrous to the cultivator. The worms have presented the most
beautiful appearance up to the time of climbing the heather. The
mortality has scarcely been two or three per cent., which is nothing;
the moultings have been effected in a perfect manner, when suddenly,
some days after the fourth moulting, the worms become languid, crawling
with difficulty, and hesitating to take the leaves which are thrown
upon their hurdles. If some few have mounted on to the heather, they
stretch themselves on the twigs, their bodies swollen with food which
they cannot digest. Sometimes they remain there motionless till they
die, or, falling, remain suspended only by their false feet. The few
moths which have succeeded in piercing their cocoons do not show any
corpuscles. They can produce eggs, but these eggs, coming from parents
weakened by disease, give rise the following year to a generation
threatened with _flacherie_. It is in this sense that the disease may
be regarded as hereditary, although the parasites of the intestinal
canal to which _flacherie_ is due do not transmit themselves to the
eggs or to the worms which issue from them. The worms inherit weakly
constitutions, and, being without power of resistance against anything
that can derange their digestive functions, they are at the mercy of
the accidents of their culture.
Too large an assemblage of worms in one nursery; too high a temperature
at the time of moulting; a thunderous atmosphere, which predisposes
organic matter to fermentation; the use of heated or wet leaves,
especially if the wetting be caused by a fog or by the morning or
evening dew, which deposits on the leaf the germs suspended in a great
mass of air;--these are so many causes calculated to diminish the
activity of the digestive functions of the worms, and to produce in
consequence a fermentation of the leaf in the intestinal canal--the
malady now under consideration. Often also _flacherie_ depends upon
mistakes committed by the husbandman while tending his precious 'kine,'
to use an expression of the sixteenth century.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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