[Footnote 41: March 23, 1865, Pere Theiner, Guardian of the Secret Archives of the Vatican, replied to some one who had pressed the question: "Our acts of December 16, 1641, in which Jules Mazarin was created Cardinal, do not say whether or not he was a priest. How could he then have been admitted to the order of Cardinal-priest? No doubt he was a priest." The letter of Pere Theiner has been published by M. Jules Loiseleur in his _Problemes historiques_.] [Footnote 42: _Letters of Madame de Maintenon_ edited by Geoffroy.] [Footnote 43: For further details see the excellent volume of M. Lacour-Gayet, _L'education politique de Louis XIV._] [Footnote 44: December 24th, _Relations des ambassadeurs venitiens_.] [Footnote 45: The letter is dated April 21, 1654. Louis XIV. was then fifteen and a half years of age.] [Footnote 46: Mme. de Motteville had heard him express the same idea. _Cf._ his _Memoires_, v., 101, ed. Petitot.] [Footnote 47: _Les fragments des memoires inedits_ by Dubois, valet of Louis XIV., published by Leon Aubineau in the _Biblotheque de l'Ecole des Chartes_, and in his _Notices litteraires_ upon the 17th century.] [Footnote 48: _Cf._ Lacour-Gayet, p. 203.] [Footnote 49: M. Dreyss dates the writing of this portion of the _Memoires_ about 1670.] [Footnote 50: Letters of June 9, 1654, and April 9, 1658.] [Footnote 51: _Segraisiana._ Louis XIV. was seventeen when he made this remark.] [Footnote 52: _Journal de voyage de deux jeunes Hollandais a Paris_ (1656-1658).] [Footnote 53: _Memoires de Mme. de Motteville._] [Footnote 54: The fair of Saint-Germain was held between Saint-Sulpice and Saint-Germain-des-Pres, from February 3d to the evening before Palm Sunday. The Court and the populace elbowed each other there.] [Footnote 55: _Journal de deux jeunes Hollandais._] [Footnote 56: _Memoires_ of Mademoiselle.] [Footnote 57: _Journal de deux jeunes Hollandais._] [Footnote 58: _Journal de deux jeunes Hollandais._] [Footnote 59: April 29th.] [Footnote 60: To the Duc de Bouillon and to the son of the Marshal Duc de La Meilleraye, who took the title of Duc de Mazarin.] [Footnote 61: It must not be forgotten that Saint-Simon was presented at Court in 1692. Louis XIV. was then fifty-four, and had reigned forty-nine years. Saint-Simon only knew the end of the reign.] [Footnote 62: Brother of the Superintendent of Finances.] [Footnote 63: In the summer of 1657.] [Footnote 64: _Vers d'Atys_, opera played in 1676, and _d'Astrate_, tragedy of 1663.] [Footnote 65: The phrase is M. Jules Lemaitre's.] [Footnote 66: See _The Youth of La Grande Mademoiselle_. For this chapter _cf._ _La misere au temps de la Fronde et Saint-Vincent de Paul_, by Feillet; _La cabale des devots_, by Raoul Allier; _Saint-Vincent de Paul_, by Emanuel Broglie; _Saint-Vincent de Paul et les Goudi_, by Chantelauze; _Port-Royal_, by Sainte-Beuve.] [Footnote 67: Village of the arrondissement of Provins.]