Paul teaches, for instance, in Romans viii. 3 f.: What the Mosaic
law could not do on account of the rebellion of the flesh in man,
namely, conquer sin, that God did by the incarnation of His Son, who
overcame sin and helps us to fulfil the law; in those who are not
born again, sin lives as the “law of sin,” because they are “weak”
_ἠσθένει_ against the attacks of concupiscence; on the other hand,
the saving grace of the gospel frees us from the “law of sin and
death.” To the proposition with which Paul introduces this doctrine,
viz. that it had not been possible for the law (i.e. the Mosaic Law)
to conquer sin, Luther simply adds: “where now is the freedom of the
will?[511] ... the holy Apostle Paul says here expressly that the
law was unable to condemn [overcome] sin, or even the weakness which
proceeds from the flesh. This is nothing else but the doctrine which I
have so frequently been insisting upon, that a fulfilling of the law
through our own efforts is impossible; it cannot even be said that
we have the power to will and to be able, in such a way as God would
have us, viz. by grace [thus it is possible to us to perform what
is naturally good]; for otherwise grace would not be necessary, but
only useful, and otherwise the sin of Adam would not have corrupted
our nature, but have left it unimpaired.... It is true that the law
of nature is written in the hearts of all; reason also has a natural
desire for what is good, but this is selfish, being directed to our
own good, not to that which pleases God; only faith working by love is
directed towards God. All that nature desires and acquires, goodness,
wisdom, virtue and whatever else there is, are evil goods (‘_male bona
sunt_’), because nature, by original sin, is blinded in its knowledge
and chained in its affections, and therefore cannot know God, nor love
Him above all things nor yet refer all to Him. Therefore it follows
that, without faith and love, man is unable to desire, have, or do
anything that is good, but only evil, even when he does what is good.”
“Without love, i.e. without the assistance of an external and higher
power, he sins continually against the law ‘Thou shalt not covet,’
for this commandment requires that we should not appropriate or seek
anything for ourselves, but live, act and think for God in all things.
This commandment is simply beyond us.”[512]
His object in thus disparaging liberty is not for the present grounded
on the Almighty Power of God, as though this stood in its way, or, as
was the case later, on predestination, as though its irrefutable decree
were incompatible with liberty, but merely on his exaggeration of the
results of original sin with regard to doing what is good (i.e. on
concupiscence); he simply moves along the old lines of his distaste for
good works and for so-called self-righteousness.[513]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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