At the Supper, too, so he complains, owing to the want of proper
discrimination between the converted and unconverted, “a false
security of conscience is aroused, whereby people are led away
from true repentance; for they teach that it is a source of grace,
indulgence, ablution of sin, and salvation, whereas it is plain that
no one receives anything of the kind.”[587] In his view it is not
right to say that the Supper leads man to reconciliation with God by
enlivening his faith, and that even that man “who is full of sin or
has a bad conscience gnawed and bitten by his sins” should receive
it, as the preachers teach;[588] on the contrary, only those who are
reconciled have the right to approach. “Not the man who wants to
be holy [the unjustified], but he who has already been hallowed by
Christ, is fit for the Supper.”[589]
From the standpoint of his own peculiar doctrine he characterises
it as a downright error on Luther’s part to have “put Justification
even into the Sacrament”—Schwenckfeld himself had thrown all the
sacraments overboard.—He also reproaches Luther with teaching, that:
“Forgiveness of sins, which is only to be found in Christ as ruler, is
to be sought in the Sacrament.”[590]
Now, Schwenckfeld was far from advising people to forsake the official
Church; he did not recommend that the church service and its ceremonies
and sermons should be shunned, he feared lest such advice might play
into the hands of the Anabaptists. He recommends as necessary an
“external practice of godliness.”[591] Yet, according to him, this was
more readily carried out in private conventicles, i.e. in some sort
of congregation apart of the true believers such as Luther himself
had long dreamt of, and in conversation with Schwenckfeld, in 1525,
regretted his inability to establish owing to the fewness of true
Christians. (Above, p. 138 f.)
Luther in the meantime had become reconciled to the outer, Popular,
Church, and, with his preachers’ help, had made of the outward Word a
law.
The imperious behaviour of Luther and the preachers in the matter of
the outward Word was, however, odious to Schwenckfeld. He protested
strongly against being tied down to professions of faith liable at
any moment to be rendered obsolete by new discoveries in Scripture
truth.[592] Interest in things Divine was regarded as a privilege of
the pastor’s office and the layman was kept in ignorance on the ground,
that “one must believe blindly.”[593] Luther “is setting up a new
tyranny, and wishes to tie men to his doctrine.”[594]
CHAPTER XXX
LUTHER AT THE ZENITH OF HIS LIFE AND SUCCESS, FROM 1540 ONWARDS.
APPREHENSIONS AND PRECAUTIONS
1. The Great Victories of 1540-1544.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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