Luther was well aware that to lend at interest was already “usual”
and even “common in all classes.”[262] It was also, as a Protestant
contemporary complained in 1538, twice as prevalent in the Lutheran
communities than among the Catholics.[263] Still Luther insists
obstinately that, “it was a very idle objection, and one that any village
sexton could dispose of when people pleaded the custom of the world
contrary to the Word of God, or against what was right.… It is nothing
new or strange that the world should be hopeless, accursed, damned; this
it had always been and would ever remain. If you obey its behests, you
also will go with it into the abyss of hell.”[264]
Though in his instructions to the pastors he condemns
indiscriminately, as a “thief, robber and murderer,” everyone who
charges interest, still he wants his teaching to be applied above
all to the “great ogres in the world, who can never charge enough
per cent.” “The sacrament and absolution” were to be denied them,
and “when about to die they were to be left like the heathen and not
granted Christian burial” unless they had first done penance. To the
“small usurer it is true my sentence may sound terrible, I mean to
such as take but five or six on the hundred.”[265]
All, however, whether the percentage they charge be small or great, he
advises to bring their objections to him, or to some other minister,
“or to a good lawyer,”[266] so as to learn the further reasons
and particulars concerning the prohibition of receiving interest.
Every pastor was to preach strongly and fearlessly on its general
unlawfulness in order that he may not “go to the devil” with those of
his flock who charge interest.
Not that Luther was very hopeful about the results of such preaching.
“The whole world is full of usurers,” he said in 1542 in the
Table-Talk, and to a friend who had asked him: “Why do not the princes
punish such grievous usury and extortion?” Luther answers: “Surely,
the princes and kings have other things to do; they have to feast,
drink and hunt, and cannot attend to this.” “Things must soon come to
a head and a great and unforeseen change take place! I hope, however,
that the Last Day will soon make an end of it all.”[267]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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