=Haystacks.=—These can be made use of as follows:— Hollow out front of haystack. No. 1 sits in this hollow, with his back against the hay. The loose hay is piled up in front of the gun. Cut out a place for the gun on top of the haystack. If possible, make a rough platform of boards. The gun then fires over the top of the ridge of the stack. Place the gun behind the haystack in such a manner that oblique or enfilade fire may be brought to bear on the enemy. The gun is then entirely concealed from the front. This is, as a rule, the best method of using a haystack. =Hedges.=—Can often be used as a covered approach and as fire positions giving cover from view. A few men should be placed along the hedge, on the exposed flank, for protection. =Mounds of Earth, Roots, etc.=—These may be used as follows:— Hollow out the mound from the rear, so that the gun can fire from the hollow while it is concealed from the front. Planks, sandbags, etc., can be used to support the earth. Fire over the top of the mound, using the mound as a parapet. Place the gun behind the mound, using the mound as a cover from the front, while oblique or enfilade fire is brought to bear against the enemy. =Stacks of Wood.=—The stack may be hollowed out from the rear, so that the gun can be placed inside the stack, and fire to the front, while being perfectly concealed from view. The position can be strengthened by using sandbags inside the stack. =Stooks of Corn= can also be used to provide cover from view. =Trees.=—Trees, when in leaf, may be used as possible gun positions. Trees with strong branches are necessary, and a platform for the gun must be built in the branches. Tree-trunks can also be used to provide cover from view. =Trenches.=—When guns are not used in trenches they should, when possible, be placed so as to bring oblique or enfilade fire against:— The enemy’s trenches. The ground over which the enemy must pass, should he attack. Our own front line trenches in case the enemy penetrates into them. To achieve these objects guns may be placed:— In a salient. At the base of a re-entrant. At the horns of a re-entrant. At a bend in the trench. In an emplacement jutting out from the general line of the trench. In all cases the gun should, if possible, be covered from fire from the front, and should be able to sweep the front of the entrenched line with cross fire. Thus, although each gun may be firing to its flank, its front is swept by the fire of a neighbouring gun. Arrangements should be made so that guns so placed may be able to fire to their front, should an emergency make this desirable. This can be done by:— Arranging that some sandbags can be removed and the gun fired to the front through the loophole thus made.