Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion PicturesQuigley, Martin
History
Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures
Quigley, Martin
Lantern projection; Motion pictures -- History
This “request” part of the program caused Robertson trouble. One night,
a member of the audience who had had a few extra sips of wine, or who
was terrified beyond the others, called for the return of the ghost
of Louis XVI. This was too much. The authorities shut the theatre and
refused to grant Robertson permission to continue his “seances.” They
did not want even the ghost of Louis returned. Political censorship of
screen entertainment had made its first appearance.
Robertson went to Bordeaux to make sure that he, himself, did not
prematurely join Louis and his other ghosts.
Later he was able to return to Paris and open another theatre near the
Place Vendôme. This was a particularly startling auditorium. He used an
abandoned chapel of a Capuchin monastery. Robertson’s light and shadow
ghosts came to life among the mortal remains of ancient monks. (The
reader may be aware of the ancient Capuchin custom of using bones of
deceased members of the order as part of the ornament of their chapels
as a constant reminder of death.)
Even though Robertson had admitted that from childhood he had the
keenest interest in things marvelous, he tired of his magic. Next we
hear of him, he is a pioneer balloonist, credited with the invention of
one of the early parachutes! On July 18, 1803, he made a notable ascent
in a balloon.
In 1845 there was opened in Paris a theatre which was to play a
part in the light and shadow story. It was called for its proprietor
and chief performer, Théâtre Robert Houdin. Houdin, after whom Harry
Houdini of the 20th century named himself, practiced every kind of
trick and wondrous illusion. He used Phantasmagorial effects and the
French public flocked to the shows. Towards the end of the century
Emile Reynaud took over the Théâtre Robert Houdin and showed the best
magic shadow plays prior to the introduction of the motion picture
itself.
During the middle of the century, the Polytechnic Institution, at
London, attracted large crowds with magic lantern shows. Ghosts were
created à la Robertson and the Phantasmagorial methods. Regular
entertainment was also provided with such magic lantern stories as
_Puss in Boots_ and versions of Swift’s _Gulliver’s Travels_ and _The
Tale of the Tub_. As many as a half-dozen magic lanterns would be used
to create impressive scenes, such as battles.
In our own day attempts have been made to use Phantasmagorial effects
to frighten and deceive. An interesting example is contained in the
following Associated Press dispatch telling how the Nazis attempted to
make the English soldiers believe that Heaven was entreating them to
abandon the war:
Paris, Feb. 15 (1940) (AP)--Press accounts from the front sector
occupied by the British reported today that Tommies manning an
outpost during the night suddenly saw an image of the Virgin Mary
appear in the clouds, with her arms outstretched in entreaty.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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