Judiciary, power to annul unconstitutional laws, 7-9, 25, 42 sqq., 70 sqq., 87 sqq., 109 sqq.; former dependence upon the crown, 10, 17; has no power over legislation in England and France, 11, 76, 77, 107; importance recognized in Magna Carta, 13, 14; defended against unjust criticism, 43 sqq., 130-158, 181, 193, 211-212; government by, 45-46; rules for determining the constitutionality of a statute, 45, 46, 52; charged with having usurped power over legislation, 45, 70, 81; examples of alleged abuse of power, 48-68; cannot control legislative discretion, 52; should avoid judicial legislation, 62, 135; necessity of defending against unfair criticism, 69, 70, 126-128, 158; must enforce the Bill of Rights, 77; control over executive and administrative officers, 103-107, 111, 114; necessity for confidence in, 126-128; the bulwark of liberty, 128, 226; independence of, 141, 142, 226; not responsible for delays, 142-146. _See_ Judges, Constitutional limitations, Injunctions, and Recall. Judiciary, Federal, jurisdiction to enjoin state officers, 87, 108-110, 113, 117, 119; efforts to curtail power of, 88, 125; jurisdiction limited, 97; power to annul state laws a necessity, 108, 109, 112, 116, 124-129; compels the states to obey the Constitution, 113; power to enjoin criminal prosecutions by the states, 117-119; causes of dissatisfaction with, 126; oath of office of judges, 127; constituted as a bulwark of liberty, 128; assaults upon, 128, 146-152; issuance of injunctions in labor disputes, 213-217; power to punish for contempt, 215-217. _See also_ Supreme Court. Jurisprudence, as a science, 13, 52. Jury-trial, origin in Magna Carta, 15, 19-20; early history, 19-20; a right assured by the judicial power, 78; not in cases of contempt, 215. Justice, political justice secured by Magna Carta, 1, 4, 13-15; the highest political liberty, 13; uniformity and certainty essential in its administration, 13; social justice, 43, 81-82; delays in its administration, 125, 126, 142-146. Knisley _vs._ Pratt, 137, 155. Labor, competition of foreign workmen, 196, 197, 198; conditions in 1896, 198-199. _See_ Master and servant. Labor laws, in New York, 50, 56, 58, 59, 137, 156. Labor unions, attitude toward the courts, 131, 140-141; some labor leaders, 131, 147, 212; opposition to injunctions, 146-152. Labourers, Statute of, 79. Langford _vs._ United States, 103. Langton, Stephen, 5, 12.