Mahan on naval warfare : $b Selections from the writing of Rear Admiral Alfred T. MahanMahan, A. T. (Alfred Thayer)
History
Mahan on naval warfare : $b Selections from the writing of Rear Admiral Alfred T. Mahan
Mahan, A. T. (Alfred Thayer)
Naval art and science; Naval strategy; Sea-power
On the 14th of September, before quitting Paris, Napoleon sent
Villeneuve orders to take the first favorable opportunity to leave
Cadiz, to enter the Mediterranean, join the ships at Cartagena, and with
this combined force move upon southern Italy. There, at any suitable
point, he was to land the troops embarked in the fleet to reinforce
General St. Cyr, who already had instructions to be ready to attack
Naples at a moment’s notice.[78] The next day these orders were
reiterated to Decrès, enforcing the importance to the general campaign
of so powerful a diversion as the presence of this great fleet in the
Mediterranean; but, as “Villeneuve’s excessive pusillanimity will
prevent him from undertaking this, you will send to replace him Admiral
Rosily, who will bear letters directing Villeneuve to return to France
and give an account of his conduct.”[79] The emperor had already
formulated his complaints against the admiral under seven distinct
heads.[80] On the 15th of September, the same day the orders to relieve
Villeneuve were issued, Nelson, having spent at home only twenty-five
days, left England for the last time. On the 28th, when he joined the
fleet off Cadiz, he found under his command twenty-nine
ships-of-the-line, which successive arrivals raised to thirty-three by
the day of the battle; but, water running short, it became necessary to
send the ships, by divisions of six, to fill up at Gibraltar. To this
cause was due that only twenty-seven British vessels were present in the
action,—an unfortunate circumstance; for, as Nelson said, what the
country wanted was not merely a splendid victory, but annihilation;
“numbers only can annihilate.”[81] The force under his command was thus
disposed: the main body about fifty miles west-south-west of Cadiz,
seven lookout frigates close in with the port, and between these
extremes, two small detachments of ships-of-the-line,—the one twenty
miles from the harbor, the other about thirty-five. “By this chain,” he
wrote, “I hope to have constant communication with the frigates.”
“_The Nelson Touch_”[82]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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